TABLE 1.
Origin, markers and differentiation capabilities of liver MSC-like populations.
| Origin | Expressed markers | Differentiation capabilities | References | |
| Human liver stem cells (HLSCs) | Frozen hepatocytes or derived from enzymatic digested liver biopsy from human adult donors | CD29, CD73, CD44, CD90, CD105, albumin, alfa-fetoproetein, CK-8 and 18, vimentin, nestin, Oct-3/4, nanog, SSEA-4, Sox-2, musashi | Osteocytes, endothelial cells, hepatocyte-like cells, islet-like structures | Herrera et al., 2006; Navarro-Tableros et al., 2019; Spada et al., 2020 |
| Adult-derived human liver stem/progenitor cells (ADHLSCs) | Enzymatically digested adult human liver | CD29, CD73, CD44, CD90, CD13, HLA-class I, albumin, alfa-fetoprotein, CYP3A4, vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin | Hepatocyte-like cells | Najimi et al., 2007 |
| Liver-derived mesenchymal stem cells (L-MSCs) | Graft preservation fluid collected from human liver graft | CD90, CD105, CD166, | Adipocytes and osteocytes | Pan et al., 2011 |
| Human liver stem cells (HLSCs) | Non-parenchymal fraction of normal adult human liver | CD29, CD73, CD44, CD90, CD26, CD105, CD166, HLA-class I, vimentin, nestin, CK8, and 18 | – | Lee et al., 2012 |
| Liver stroma stem cells (LSCs) | Human liver biopsy | CD73, CD90, CD105 | Adipocytes and osteocytes | Kellner et al., 2015 |
| Liver-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (LHMSCs) | First- and second-trimester fetal liver | CD29, CD73, CD44, CD90, CD105, CD166, CD26, albumin, CK-8 and 18, vimentin and nestin. | Adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes, hepatocyte-like cells | Campagnoli et al., 2001; In‘t Anker et al., 2003 |
| Human fetal liver multipotent progenitor cells (hFLMPCs) | First- and second-trimester fetal liver | CD34, CD90, c-kit, EPCAM, c-met, SSEA-4, CK-18, CK-19, CD44, vimentin | Adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytes, endothelial cells, hepatocyte and bile duct-like cells | Dan et al., 2006 |