Table 1. Patient characteristics and tumor parameters.

Characteristics	Outcome
Gender
Male	9 (34.6%)
Female	17 (65.4%)
Median age [range], years	54 [44–72]
ASA class
I	12 (46.2%)
II	14 (53.8%)
Mean nodule size, mm	13.2±6.4
Mean depth of nodule from surface, mm	12.2±7.8
Nodule number
Solitary	24 (92.3%)
Multiple	2 (7.7%)
Nodule location
LUL	12 (46.0%)
LLL	2 (7.7%)
RUL	8 (30.8%)
RLL	4 (15.4%)
Radiological pattern
Pure ground glass nodule	13 (50.0%)
Mixed ground glass nodule	10 (38.5%)
Solid nodule	2 (7.7%)
Cystic nodule	1 (3.9%)
Pathological diagnosis
Adenocarcinoma in situ	3 (11.5%)
Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma	9 (34.6%)
Lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma	1 (3.9%)
Acinar predominant adenocarcinoma	9 (34.6%)
Benign disease	4 (15.4%)
Mean Operation duration, min	142.6±52.8
Mean bleeding volume, mL	12.9±9.7
Median postoperative stay [range], d	3 [2–6]
Mean drainage tube indwelling time, h	35.6±20.0
Pneumothorax (a line ≥3 cm) (postoperative day 1)	7 (26.9%)
Pleural effusion (postoperative day 1)	7 (26.9%)

RUL, right upper lobe; RLL, right lower lobe; LUL, left upper lobe; LLL, left lower lobe; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists.