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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 10.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Aug 30;204:107536. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.06.038

TABLE 3.

Cost-benefit analysis of naloxone distribution program in North Carolina counties, 2015-2016

Year Cost of naloxone kits Total costs of naloxone kit distribution* Deaths averted (95% CI) Value of total deaths avoided, in millions (95% CI)^ Benefit-cost ratio (95% CI) Total naloxone distribution cost per death avoided (95% CI)
2015 $18,000 $176,740 108 (62, 172) $475.2 ($272.8, $756.8) $2,689 ($1,544, $4,282) $1,637 ($1,028, $2, 851)
2016 $54,000 $232,460 147 (53, 282) $646.8 ($233.2, $1,240.8) $2,782 ($1,003, $5,338) $1,581 ($824, $4,386)
Total $72,000 $409,200 255 (115, 454) $1,122.0 ($506.0, $1,997.6) $2,742 ($1,237, $4,882) $1,605 ($901, $3,558)

CI= confidence interval

*

includes costs of naloxone kits and staff time and training

^

using a value of a statistical life of $4.4 million