Table 1.
Graded response model item parameters in men and women
| Item | a | SE | b-1 | b-2 | b-3 | DSM-IV | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1b | More secure at home with attachments | 0.42 | 0.05 | −2.59 | 0.00 | 1.50 | -- |
| 2ab | Difficulty staying away from home for hours | 0.84 | 0.08 | 1.53 | 2.97 | 3.61 | A-4 |
| 3 | Carries around object for security/comfort | 0.58 | 0.06 | 1.56 | 2.77 | 3.28 | -- |
| 4a | Extreme stress when leaving home for trip | 1.02 | 0.08 | 0.58 | 2.19 | 2.86 | A-1 |
| 5ab | Nightmares about separation from attachments | 1.00 | 0.07 | 0.94 | 2.68 | 3.18 | A-7 |
| 6a | Extreme stress before leaving someone close for trip | 1.30 | 0.09 | 0.77 | 2.24 | 2.84 | A-1 |
| 7 | Very upset when usual daily routine is disrupted | 0.94 | 0.06 | 0.20 | 2.26 | 3.28 | -- |
| 8b | Worries about relationship intensity with attachments | 1.13 | 0.08 | 0.74 | 2.05 | 2.84 | -- |
| 9a | Physical symptoms before leaving home for work/activity | 0.82 | 0.07 | 1.51 | 3.11 | 3.74 | A-8^ |
| 10b | Talks a lot to keep attachments around | 0.76 | 0.06 | 1.15 | 2.68 | 3.85 | -- |
| 11 | Concerned about where attachments are going when separated | 1.09 | 0.08 | 0.78 | 2.32 | 3.00 | -- |
| 12ab | Difficulty sleeping alone at night | 0.88 | 0.07 | 0.53 | 2.07 | 2.84 | A-6 |
| 13b | Falls asleep better with voices or TV | 0.63 | 0.05 | 0.61 | 2.06 | 2.92 | -- |
| 14ab | Very distressed thinking about being away from attachments | 1.43 | 0.11 | 0.81 | 2.11 | 2.70 | A-1 |
| 15a | Nightmares about separation from home | 1.27 | 0.17 | 1.91 | 2.82 | 3.07 | A-7 |
| 16a | Worries about attachments coming to serious harm | 1.00 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 2.18 | 2.87 | A-2 |
| 17b | Very upset when changes to usual daily routine interfere with contact with attachments | 1.43 | 0.11 | 0.82 | 2.20 | 3.02 | -- |
| 18b | Worries a lot about attachments leaving | 1.53 | 0.11 | 0.68 | 1.98 | 2.57 | -- |
| 19 | Sleeps better with lights on in home/bedroom | 0.77 | 0.09 | 2.00 | 3.19 | 3.63 | -- |
| 20ab | Avoids being home alone when attachments are out | 1.19 | 0.12 | 1.68 | 2.59 | 3.15 | A-5 |
| 21ab | *Panic symptoms when thinking about separation from attachments | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | A-8 |
| 22b | Anxious about not speaking to close attachments on phone regularly | 1.26 | 0.11 | 1.05 | 2.35 | 3.15 | -- |
| 23b | Afraid would not be able to cope if attachments left | 1.13 | 0.08 | 0.88 | 2.28 | 3.16 | -- |
| 24ab | Panic symptoms when separated from attachments | 1.43 | 0.17 | 1.72 | 2.74 | 3.19 | A-8 |
| 25ab | Worrying about events causing separation from attachments | 1.15 | 0.10 | 1.40 | 2.54 | 3.36 | A-3 |
| 26 | *Attachments mention he/she talks a lot | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 27 | Worries relationship so close it causes others problems | 1.06 | 0.12 | 1.87 | 3.09 | 3.73 | -- |
Notes: N=889. a=discrimination parameter. b-1=difficulty parameter between response categories 0 and 1. b-2=difficulty parameter between response categories 1 and 2. b-3=difficulty parameter between response categories 2 and 3. All items loaded significantly on the factor at p<.001.
Excluded based on local dependence.
Items based on DSM-IV criteria (Manicavasagar et al., 2000); the particular DSM-IV criteria was determined by authors of current study.
Items significantly discriminate at p<.05 between ASA and other anxiety disorder patients (Manicavasagar et al., 2000).
A-8 does not include physical symptoms when separation from home occurs/is anticipated, only separation from major attachment figures.