Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Mar 9;6(1):e864. doi: 10.1097/PR9.0000000000000864

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of The International Association for the Study of Pain.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

PMC Copyright notice

Figure 2. — Molecular mechanisms of P2X4R activation leading BDNF and other factor secretion. Extracellular factors (CCL21, CSF1, and fibronectin) and transcriptional factors (IRF8, IRF5, and MAFB) contribute to P2X4R upregulation. ATP released by SDH interneurons activate P2X4Rs and result in BDNF exocytosis. P2X4R may also have a role in production or release of proinflammatory cytokines (eg, IL-1β) through an interaction with P2X7R. IL-1β, interleukin-1β; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; DRG, dorsal root ganglion; SDH, spinal dorsal horn.