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. 2012 Jun 13;14(9):593–600. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7176.2012.00671.x

Table I.

 Sample Characteristics According to the Presence of Clinical Lipodystrophy

Without CL With CL P Value
No. (%) 149 (40.9) 215 (59.1)
Sex, No. (%)
 Male 87 (58.4) 163 (75.8) <.001
 Female 62 (41.6) 52 (24.2)
Age, mean (SD), y 44.4 (12.0) 47.0 (11.0) .010
Duration, mean (SD) 6.7 (3.9) 9.2 (4.1) <.001
cART, mean (SD) 5.0 (3.8) 8.0 (4.0) <.001
Weight, mean (SD), kg 73.7 (14.3) 66.2 (12.5) <.001
Height, mean (SD), m 1.65 (0.09) 1.66 (0.09) .383
BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 27.1 (5.1) 24.0 (3.9) <.001
Waist circumference, mean (SD), cm 95.5 (13.3) 89.5 (10.6) <.001
Hip circumference, mean (SD), cm 100.7 (9.4) 91.6 (6.2) <.001
Thigh circumference, mean (SD), cm 50.4 (6.2) 46.1 (6.1) <.001
Arm circumference, mean (SD), cm 28.2 (3.4) 26.6 (4.0) <.001
Neck circumference, mean (SD), cm 37.0 (3.9) 37.2 (4.0) .856
Waist/hip circumference ratio, mean (SD) 0.95 (0.09) 0.98 (0.08) .006
CD4 cell count, mean (SD), cells/mm3 503.5 (311.6) 573.4 (324.0) .010
HIV RNA (<50), No. (%) 121 (83.4) 197 (91.2) .026
HIV risk factor, No. (%)
 Inject 31 (20.8) 63 (29.4) .002
 Homosexual 12 (8.1) 30 (14.0)
 Heterosexual 105 (70.5) 111 (51.9)
 Other 1 (0.7) 10 (4.7)
CDC, No. (%)
 A 82 (55.4) 118 (55.7) .056
 B 6 (4.1) 1 (0.5)
 C 60 (40.5) 93 (43.9)
ART, No. (%)
 PI 88 (61.1) 116 (54.2) .263
 NNRTI 63 (44.1) 104 (48.8) .438
 NRTI 137 (95.8) 210 (98.6) .064
Body fat mass by quantitative CT
 Total fat, mean (SD), cm2 345.8 (163.2) 230.9 (133.1) <.001
 Central fat, mean (SD), cm2 131.2 (86.5) 127.1 (79.9) .886
 Peripheral fat, mean (SD), cm2 214.6 (125.0) 103.8 (82.9) <.001
 Central/peripheral, mean (SD) 0.82 (0.84) 2.06 (2.41) <.001
FMR by DXA, mean (SD) 1.24 (0.53) 1.98 (0.98) <.001
Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD) 120.6 (19.0) 120.5 (17.2) .978
Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD) 75.6 (13.3) 75.6 (10.9) .945
Taking antihypertensive medications, No. (%) 21 (14.1%) 44 (20.6%) .149
Smoking history, No. (%)
 Never 66 (45.2) 71 (34.5) .103
 Current 59 (40.4) 94 (45.6)
 Former 21 (14.4) 41 (19.9%)

Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for staging of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; CL, clinical lipodystrophy; CT, computed tomography; DXA, dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry; FMR, fat mass ratio; NNRTI, non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI, protease inhibitor; SD, standard deviation.