Table 1.
Characteristics of the Study Population Cases and Controls
| Variables | Cases (n=437) | Controls (n=251) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Years) | 59.04 (5.19) | 57.94 (5) | 0.08 |
| Weight (Kg) | 88.85 (9.92) | 76.96 (11.25) | 0.000 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 29.63 (3.08) | 18.91 (3.09) | 0.000 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 142.85 (9.92) | 118.97 (9.21) | 0.000 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 84.94 (3.97) | 78.98 (6.14) | 0.000 |
| Blood glucose (mg/dl) | 163.84 (10.91) | 111.97 (10.23) | 0.000 |
| TC (mg/dl) | 242.03 (7.35) | 171.87 (5.34) | 0.000 |
| HDL-c (mg/dl) | 39.1 (3.14) | 58.27 (4.39) | 0.000 |
| LDL-c (mg/dl) | 173.04 (4.87) | 120.89 (3.86) | 0.000 |
| TG (mg/dl) * | 223.18 (7.04) | 142.42 (5.34) | 0.000* |
| Gender (male%) | 289 (66.1) | 114 (45.4) | 0.055 |
| BMI group: Normal | 114 (26.1) | 105 (41.9) | 0.000 |
| Overweight | 143 (32.7) | 69 (27.5) | |
| Obese | 180 (41.2) | 77 (30.6) | |
| Smoking | 203 (46.5) | 69 (27.5) | 0.000 |
| Exercise | 107 (24.5) | 72 (28.5) | 0.132 |
| Diabetes | 252 (57.7) | 42 (16.7) | 0.000 |
| Hypertension | 297 (68) | 54 (21.5) | 0.000 |
| Event: Stroke | 109 (24.9) | 9 (3.6) | 0.000 |
| Heart failure | 30 (6.9) | 6 (2.4) | 0.007 |
| CABG | 36 (8.2) | – | – |
Notes: Continuous variables are presented as [mean (SD)] → compared by a Student’s t-test. Nominal variables are presented as frequency, No. (%) → compared by a Pearson’s chi square test. *Median (SEM) → Mann–Whitney U-test.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides. HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft.