Table 2.
Characteristics of participants missing a neurocognitive test.
| Missing neurocognitive test | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | No (n = 9,277) | Yes (n = 854) | p-Value† |
| Age at baseline, months | 118.97 ± 7.48 | 118.88 ± 7.25 | 0.737 |
| Birth weight, oz | 112.05 ± 23.44 | 112.89 ± 23.15 | 0.320 |
| Maternal age at birth of child | 29.36 ± 6.14 | 29.50 ± 6.23 | 0.510 |
| Weeks born premature | 0.95 ± 2.22 | 0.88 ± 2.23 | 0.396 |
| Child's sex, n (%) | 0.636 | ||
| Male | 4,790 (51.6) | 454 (53.2) | |
| Female | 4,485 (48.4) | 400 (46.8) | |
| Child's race/ethnicity, n (%) | 0.034 | ||
| White | 4,898 (52.8) | 417 (48.8) | |
| Black | 1,377 (14.8) | 133 (15.6) | |
| Hispanic | 1,903 (20.5) | 207 (24.2) | |
| Asian | 148 (1.6) | 6 (0.7) | |
| Other | 942 (10.2) | 90 (10.5) | |
| Household income in dollars, n (%) | 0.016 | ||
| <50,000 | 2,557 (30.2) | 274 (35.6) | |
| 50,000–99,999 | 2,371 (28.0) | 215 (27.9) | |
| 100,000–199,999 | 2,572 (30.4) | 205 (26.6) | |
| ≥200,000 | 957 (11.3) | 76 (9.9) | |
| Maternal educational level, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| <High school diploma | 600 (6.5) | 89 (10.4) | |
| HS Diploma/GED | 973 (10.5) | 99 (11.6) | |
| Some College | 2,785 (30.0) | 244 (28.6) | |
| Bachelor | 2,630 (28.3) | 226 (26.5) | |
| Post Graduate Degree | 2,277 (24.5) | 194 (22.7) | |
| Marital status, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Married | 6,194 (67.4) | 519 (61.1) | |
| Not Married | 2,999 (32.6) | 330 (38.9) | |
| Tobacco use during pregnancy, n (%) | 0.390 | ||
| No | 8,830 (95.3) | 819 (95.9) | |
| Yes | 433 (4.7) | 35 (4.1) | |
| Alcohol use during pregnancy, n (%) | 0.630 | ||
| No | 9,067 (97.9) | 833 (97.9) | |
| Yes | 192 (2.1) | 18 (2.1) | |
| Planned pregnancy, n (%) | 0.260 | ||
| No | 3,557 (38.3) | 347 (40.6) | |
| Yes | 5,660 (61.0) | 504 (59.0) | |
| Missing | 60 (0.6) | 3 (0.4) | |
| Cesarean section, n (%) | |||
| No | 5,720 (61.7) | 522 (61.1) | 0.490 |
| Yes | 3,548 (38.2) | 330 (38.6) | |
| Gestational diabetes, n (%) | 0.830 | ||
| No | 8,592 (92.9) | 786 (92.4) | |
| Yes | 654 (7.0) | 65 (7.6) | |
| Required oxygen at birth, n (%) | 0.480 | ||
| No | 8,253 (89.9) | 771 (90.0) | |
| Yes | 929 (10.1) | 76 (9.0) | |
| Prenatal vitamins, n (%) | 0.170 | ||
| No | 385 (4.2) | 37 (4.4) | |
| Yes | 8,784 (95.8) | 813 (95.6) | |
| Relationship, n (%) | 0.710 | ||
| Singleton | 6,326 (68.2) | 588 (68.9) | |
| Sibling | 1,209 (13.0) | 117 (13.7) | |
| Twin | 1,721 (18.6) | 148 (17.3) | |
| Triplet | 21 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | |
| Days in Incubator | 1.18 ± 4.9 | 1.17 ± 5.9 | 0.970 |
| Family conflict (youth reported) | 2.05 ± 1.96 | 2.09 ± 1.94 | 0.624 |
| School risk (youth reported) | 19.94 ± 2.82 | 19.64 ± 3.08 | 0.003 |
Data are presented as mean (SD), except where noted.
†
t-test for continuous covariates and chi-square test for categorical covariates.