Table IV.

Drugs With Proven or Potential Serum Uric Acid‐Lowering Effect

Drug(s)	Mechanism (s) of Action	Reference (s)	Effect*
Allopurinol	Xanthine oxidase inhibition	Johnson et al. 53	Yes
		Rashid and William‐Olsson 54
		Tabayashi et al. 55
		Gavin and Struthers 56	No
Losartan	Uricosuric	Hoieggen et al. 15	Yes
	Insulin‐sensitizing
Estrogen + progestin	Uricosuric	Simon et al. 18	No
Atorvastatin	Uricosuric	Athyros et al. 16	Yes
	Insulin‐sensitizing	Milionis et al. 58
Sulfinpyrazone (antiplatelet)	Uricosuric	The Anturane Reinfarction Trial. N Engl J Med. 1978	Yes
Cilostazol (antiplatelet)	Uricosuric	Mitsuhashi et al. Endocr J. 2004	Yes
Fenoflbrate (PPAR‐α)	Uricosuric	Elisaf et al. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1999	?
	PPAR agonist	Seber et al. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005
	Insulin‐sensitizing
Rosiglitazone (PPAR‐γ)	PPAR agonist	Tsunoda et al. Am J Hypertens. 2002	?
	Insulin‐sensitizing
Metformin	Insulin‐sensitizing	Gokcel et al. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2002	?
Sibutramine‐orlistat (weight loss)	Insulin‐sensitizing	Gokcel et al. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2002	?
Low‐energy diet	Insulin‐sensitizing	Tsunoda et al. Am J Hypertens. 2002	?
Amlodipine	Uricosuric	Sennesael et al. Am J Kidney Dis. 1996	?
		Chanard et al. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003
PPAR=peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors; ?=potential, but still unproven; *attributed effect on renal and cardiovascular disease