Table II.
Intervention Outcomes in the PREMIER Trial: Mean Change From Baseline and Percent of Participants Meeting Intervention Goals at 6 Months
| Intervention Outcome | AdviceOnly | Established | Established+ DASH | Established vs . AdviceOnly | p Value* Established vs. + DASH AdviceOnly | Established vs .+ DASH Established |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight loss | ||||||
| Mean change (kg) | −1.1 | −4.9 | −5.8 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.07 |
| Weight loss >15 lb (n/total [%]) | 15/242 (6.2) | 68/238 (28.6) | 80/233 (34.3) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.18 |
| Urinary sodium | ||||||
| Mean change (mEq/24 h) | −20.6 | −31.6 | −32.6 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.36 |
| Urinary Sodium ≤100 mmol/d (n/total [%]) | 42/215 (19.5) | 80/212 (37.7) | 59/211 (28) | <0.001 | 0.04 | 0.03 |
| Fruits and vegetables | ||||||
| Mean change (servings/d) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 3.0 | 0.79 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Fruits and vegetables ≥9 servings/d (n/total [%]) | 15/232 (6.5) | 14/227 (6.2) | 78/230 (33.9) | 0.9 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Dairy products | ||||||
| Mean change (servings/d) | 0.1 | −0.2 | 0.5 | 0.02 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Dairy products ≥2 servings/d (n/total [%]) | 78/232 (33.6) | 64/227 (28.2) | 136/230 (59.1) | 0.21 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Total fat | ||||||
| Mean change (% kcal) | −1.0 | −3.9 | −9.5 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Fat ≤25% kcal/d (n/total [%]) | 41/232 (17.1) | 66/227 (29.1) | 135/230 (58.7) | 0.004 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Saturated fat | ||||||
| Mean change (% kcal) | −0.4 | −1.5 | −3.3 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Saturated fat ≤7% kcal/d (n/total [%]) | 36/232 (15.5) | 60/227 (26.4) | 107/230 (46.5) | 0.004 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| DASH=Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet; *corresponding pairwise differences in change for mean changes corresponding to pairwise differences at 6 months from logistic regression analysis for percent meeting goal lifestyle change Reprinted with permission from JAMA. 2003;289:2083–2093. 12 ©2003 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. | ||||||