Table 1. Description of the general characteristics of the participants, stratified by their level of adherence, Shatila primary care clinic, Beirut, October 2018.
| Characteristics at time of study | Total | Low adherence MMAS < 6 | Moderate adherence MMAS = 6–7 | High adherence MMAS = 8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 361) | (n = 110) | (n = 140) | (n = 111) | |
| Age—year—median, (IQR) | 54 (45–61) | 53 (46, 63) | 53 (41, 60) | 54 (48, 62) |
| Age categories—year—n (%) | ||||
| ≤15 | 18 (5) | 1 (6) | 16 (88) | 1 (6) |
| >15 | 343 (95) | 109 (32) | 124 (36) | 110 (32) |
| Gender—n (%) | ||||
| Male | 147 (41) | 37 (25) | 63 (43) | 47 (32) |
| Female | 214 (59) | 73 (34) | 77 (36) | 64 (30) |
| Nationality—n (%) | ||||
| Syrian | 330 (91) | 103 (31) | 124 (38) | 103 (31) |
| Lebanese | 21 (6) | 5 (24) | 9 (43) | 7 (33) |
| Palestinian | 10 (3) | 2 (20) | 7 (70) | 1 (10) |
| Employmenta—n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 62 (23) | 14 (23) | 30 (48) | 18 (29) |
| No | 210 (77) | 75 (36) | 68 (32) | 67 (32) |
| Literacy—n (%) | ||||
| Illiterate | 154 (43) | 53 (34) | 55 (36) | 46 (30) |
| With some education | 207 (57) | 57 (28) | 85 (41) | 65 (31) |
| Diagnosis—n (%) | ||||
| DM-1 Only | 34 (9) | 5 (15) | 27 (79) | 2 (6) |
| DM-2 Only | 87 (24) | 20 (23) | 40 (46) | 27 (31) |
| HTN Only | 79 (22) | 29 (37) | 21 (27) | 29 (37) |
| DM + HTN | 161 (45) | 56 (35) | 52 (32) | 53 (33) |
| Chronic morbiditiesb—n (%) | ||||
| 1 | 159 (44) | 43 (27) | 70 (44) | 46 (29) |
| > 1 | 202 (56) | 67 (33) | 70 (35) | 65 (32) |
| Prescribed chronic medications numberc—n (%) | ||||
| 1 | 14 (4) | 5 (36) | 5 (36) | 4 (29) |
| 2 | 65 (18) | 10 (15) | 39 (60) | 16 (25) |
| 3 | 55 (15) | 20 (36) | 17 (31) | 18 (33) |
| ≥4 | 227 (63) | 75 (33) | 79 (35) | 73 (32) |
| Attended PSECd—n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 137 (38) | 42 (31) | 63 (46) | 32 (23) |
| No | 145 (62) | 39 (27) | 56 (39) | 50 (35) |
| PSEC sessions numberd—median (IQR) | 5 (3–6) | 4 (2–5) | 5 (4–6) | 5 (2–5) |
| Insulin used—n (%) | ||||
| No | 174 (62) | 46 (26) | 60 (35) | 68 (39) |
| Yes | 107 (38) | 34 (32) | 59 (55) | 14 (13) |
| HbA1Cd—% [mean (SD)] | 8.2 (1.6) | 8.6 (1.6) | 8.4 (1.7) | 7.5 (1.2) |
| Blood pressuree—mmHg [mean (SD)] | ||||
| Systolic | 130 (18) | 131 (22) | 133 (17) | 127 (15) |
| Diastolic | 79 (11) | 78 (12) | 80 (11) | 79 (8) |
| Controlled blood pressuree—n (%) | ||||
| Yes | 132 (55) | 48 (36) | 37 (28) | 47 (36) |
| No | 108 (45) | 37 (34) | 36 (33) | 35 (33) |
| Characteristics at first visit | ||||
| Place of residency—n (%) | ||||
| In catchment area | 101 (28) | 34 (34) | 38 (37) | 29 (29) |
| Outside catchment area | 260 (72) | 76 (29) | 102 (39) | 82 (32) |
| Time since diagnosis—year—median (IQR) | 7 (3–12) | 8.5 (4–14) | 7 (3–14) | 6 (3–10) |
| Duration of displacement—year—median, (IQR) | 5 (3–6) | 5 (3–6) | 5 (3–6) | 5 (3–6) |
DM-1 type-1 diabetes, DM-2 type-2 diabetes, HTN hypertension, IQR interquartile range, PSEC patient support education and counseling, SD standard deviation, UNHCR united nations high commission for refugees.
a For those between 15 years and 64 years.
b Morbidities included, besides diabetes and hypertension: asthma, epilepsy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypothyroidism and cardiovascular diseases.
c Medications related to chronic morbidities recorded.
d Calculated for patients with diabetes; most recent HbA1C recorded, on average 2.2 months from the study date
e Calculated for patients with hypertension.