Skip to main content
. 2021 Apr 30;2021:5554597. doi: 10.1155/2021/5554597

Table 2.

Summary of changes in cardiometabolic variables over time between R-HIIT (n = 7) and MM-HIIT (n = 9) groups from ANCOVA.

Outcome and group Baseline (unadjusted means) Postintervention (unadjusted means) Postintervention (adjusted means) Adjusted mean difference (95% CI) Effect size (partial eta squared) P value
Resting heart rate (bpm)
R-HIIT 74.71 ± 8.75 74.14 ± 5.84 70.60 ± 8.09 −2.17 (−12.45 to 8.11) 0.019 0.651
MM-HIIT 68.56 ± 4.95 67.22 ± 6.63 68.43 ± 7.72

Systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg)
R-HIIT 113.14 ± 9.07 112.90 ± 6.34 114.00 ± 4.75 −3.26 (−9.24 to 2.72) 0.116 0.255
MM-HIIT 109.78 ± 4.33 111.59 ± 5.19 110.74 ± 4.54

Diastolic blood pressure (mm/Hg)
R-HIIT 75.00 ± 5.98 74.10 ± 5.44 73.72 ± 4.43 −3.273 (−8.93 to 2.38) 0.129 0.229
MM-HIIT 70.61 ± 6.01 70.15 ± 5.30 70.44 ± 4.22

Triglycerides (mg/dL)
R-HIIT 83.86 ± 19.62 82.43 ± 45.90 78.92 ± 46.01 30.70 (−27.69 to 89.09) 0.109 0.272
MM-HIIT 96.67 ± 60.83 106.89 ± 62.93 109.62 ± 43.92

Glucose (mg/dL)
R-HIIT 95.14 ± 7.38 96.71 ± 8.18 94.04 ± 5.88 2.05 (−5.33 to 9.42) 0.033 0.553
MM-HIIT 91.89 ± 7.72 94.00 ± 7.00 96.08 ± 5.64

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
R-HIIT 189.71 ± 20.45 182.29 ± 19.54 168.96 ± 20.72 −12.04 (−38.92 to 14.84) 0.080 0.346
MM-HIIT 150.78 ± 20.14 146.56 ± 16.37 156.92 ± 19.60

HDL-c (mg/dL)
R-HIIT 60.86 ± 5.18 56.57 ± 7.70 55.76 ± 7.13 −0.14 (−9.16 to 8.89) 0.000 0.974
MM-HIIT 57.11 ± 11.17 55.00 ± 13.24 55.63 ± 6.82

LDL-c (mg/dL)
R-HIIT 111.71 ± 16.59 109.00 ± 12.57 96.80 ± 17.72 −17.31 (−40.79 to 6.16) 0.193 0.133
MM-HIIT 74.67 ± 15.85 70.00 ± 16.24 79.49 ± 16.60

ALT (U/L)
R-HIIT 31.14 ± 16.28 16.43 ± 6.32 11.16 ± 7.63 13.16 (3.40 to 22.92) 0.444 0.013
MM-HIIT 23.11 ± 8.21 20.22 ± 7.84 24.32 ± 7.26

AST (U/L)
R-HIIT 29.29 ± 9.93 22.29 ± 2.75 17.62 ± 7.05 10.79 (1.67 to 19.90) 0.381 0.024
MM-HIIT 24.11 ± 5.88 24.78 ± 7.45 28.41 ± 6.68

Plus-minus values are means ± SD with postintervention means being adjusted for covariates of baseline values, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio, and data in parentheses are 95% CI. Mean difference is based on rowing group minus multimodal group after the intervention. HDL-c = high-density lipoprotein; LDL-c = low-density lipoprotein; ALT = alanine aminotransferase; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; MM-HIIT = multimodal high-intensity interval training; R-HIIT = rowing high-intensity interval training.