Table 4.

Effect of temperature-humidity index (THI) on antioxidant status of Holstein lactating cows.

Item	THI periods1			P-value
	LTHI (42.97)	MTHI (61.84)	HTHI (86.09)
T-AOC, U/mL	0.45 ± 0.08b	1.17 ± 0.11a	0.94 ± 0.06a	<0.001
GSH-Px, U/mL	12.31 ± 3.00b	41.88 ± 11.70ab	53.43 ± 9.32a	0.061
SOD, U/mL	214.04 ± 5.01a	230.55 ± 19.75a	108.91 ± 4.98b	0.001
CAT, U/mL	24.28 ± 2.24a	4.47 ± 1.16b	4.31 ± 0.06b	<0.001
MDA, nmol/mL	2.95 ± 0.11a	1.92 ± 0.17b	1.84 ± 0.71b	<0.001
ALP, U/L	67.63 ± 2.08a	62.37 ± 3.11a	33.04 ± 1.53b	<0.001
HSP70, ng/mL	24.55 ± 0.90c	31.29 ± 0.75b	41.81 ± 0.76a	<0.001

LTHI = low THI; MTHI = moderate THI; HTHI = high THI; T-AOC = total anti-oxidizing capability; GSH-Px = glutathione peroxidase; SOD = superoxide dismutase; CAT = catalase; MDA = malondialdehyde; ALP = phosphatase; HSP70 = heat shock protein 70.

^a-c Means within a row with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05).

¹The data in parentheses were the average THI value.