Duration of farrowing and post-weaning estrus, a crucial factor of the reproductive performance of sows can have economic benefits in pig farms. Isomaltooligosaccharide (IMO) and Bacillus regulated the duration of farrowing (A) and weaning-estrous interval (B) of sows during the perinatal period. Data are presented as means ± SD (n = 20). Values with different lowercase letters (a, b, c) indicate a significant effect of treatment (P < 0.05). CON group, sows fed diets without IMO; IMO group, sows fed diets containing 5.0 g/kg IMO; IMOS group, sows fed diets containing 5.0 g/kg IMO plus 0.2 g/kg Bacillus subtilis; IMOL group, sows fed diets containing 5.0 g/kg IMO plus 0.2 g/kg Bacillus licheniformis; IMOSL group, sows fed diets containing 5.0 g/kg IMO plus 0.2 g/kg B. subtilis and 0.2 g/kg B. licheniformis.