Table 3. Risk factors associated with in-hospital death and severe cases requiring oxygen therapy.
| Variables | In-hospital deatha | Oxygen therapyb | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | ||
| Sex | |||||
| Male vs. female | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) | 2.3 (1.6–3.1) | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) | 1.6 (1.3–1.9) | |
| Age (yr) | |||||
| 60–69 vs. 0–59 | 7.0 (3.8–12.8) | 4.4 (2.3–8.3) | 4.3 (3.4–5.3) | 3.2 (2.5–4.0) | |
| 70–79 vs. 0–59 | 26.8 (15.5–46.1) | 16.3 (9.0–29.5) | 9.5 (7.6–11.9) | 6.8 (5.2–8.8) | |
| ≥ 80 vs. 0–59 | 110.5 (65.1–187.6) | 79.4 (43.2–146.0) | 22.5 (17.3–29.4) | 18.4 (13.4–25.3) | |
| No. of comorbidities | |||||
| 1–2 vs. 0 | 10.6 (7.1–16.0) | 2.8 (1.8–4.5) | 4.6 (3.9–5.5) | 2.1 (1.8–2.9) | |
| ≥ 3 vs. 0 | 43.5 (26.8–70.4) | 5.5 (3.1–9.8) | 13.5 (9.9–18.4) | 3.6 (1.7–2.6) | |
| Symptoms on admission | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) | 1.7 (1.1–2.6) | 2.1 (1.7–2.6) | 2.3 (1.8–2.9) | |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | |||||
| ≥ 120 vs. < 120 | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | |||||
| ≥ 80 vs. < 80 | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) | |
| Heart rate (bpm) | |||||
| ≥ 120 vs. < 120 | 4.6 (2.8–7.5) | 5.6 (3.0–10.5) | 2.7 (1.8–4.0) | 2.2 (1.4–3.5) | |
| Body temperature (°C) | |||||
| ≥ 37.5 vs. < 37.5 | 2.2 (1.7–3.0) | 2.5 (1.7–3.7) | 2.9 (2.4–3.4) | 2.9 (2.4–3.6) | |
OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval, BP = blood pressure.
aC-statistics = 0.93, P value for the Hosmer-Lemeshow test = 0.768; bLogistic regression models (univariate and multivariate) with maximum disease severity level 3 or higher as the dependent variable (C-statistics = 0.83, P value for Hosmer-Lemeshow test = 0.008).