Table 2. Main results and discoveries of MAFLD treatment with probiotics.

	Results and discoveries
Animal trials (mice)	Reduction of hepatic lipid accumulation, less endotoxemia, oxidative stress and activation of anti-inflammatory pathways Modulation of NF-κB, TNF and fibrotic factors
Hepatic steatosis (single strain probiotics)	Reduction of hypertransaminasemia Reduction of aspartate aminotransferase, low density lipoprotein, and total cholesterol levels
Hepatic steatosis (multi-strain probiotics)	Reduction of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels Less hepatic fat content Reduction of cholesterol levels Enhancement of the gut barrier
Hepatocellular carcinoma	Increased liver function recovery and reduced complications after hepatic resection