Table 3.
Predictors (odds ratios) of anxiety-depression trajectories
| Vulnerable | Chronic | Adaptive | Deteriorating | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (female) | 1.06 (0.67–1.68) | 0.29* (0.13–0.65) | 1.54 (0.82–2.9) | 0.89 (0.52–1.53) |
| Age | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) | 0.97 (0.94–1.00) | 0.99 (0.96–1.01) | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) |
| Ethnicity (white) | 1.06 (0.43–2.64) | 1.78 (0.55–5.76) | 1.46 (0.49–4.31) | 0.73 (0.33–1.62) |
| Economically active | 0.84 (0.5–1.41) | 0.80 (0.36–1.75) | 1.03 (0.48–2.20) | 0.98 (0.53–1.81) |
| Income category | 1.06 (0.89–1.27) | 0.71* (0.52–0.95) | 1.15 (0.9–1.45) | 0.94 (0.77–1.16) |
| Lost income | 1.41 (0.89–2.25) | 1.90 (0.93–3.9) | 2.35* (1.32–4.18) | 1.19 (0.69–2.04) |
| Lone adult | 0.67 (0.37–1.2) | 0.36* (0.13–0.97) | 0.99 (0.43–2.28) | 0.86 (0.42–1.75) |
| Children at home | 0.71 (0.42–1.19) | 0.95 (0.44–2.04) | 1.17 (0.57–2.39) | 1.27 (0.69–2.34) |
| Urban | 0.75 (0.44–1.27) | 1.16 (0.56–2.39) | 0.61 (0.28–1.31) | 1.71 (0.98–2.99) |
| Mental health treatment | 3.65* (2.24–5.93) | 12.83* (5.16–31.93) | 2.92* (1.5–5.68) | 5.44* (3.18–9.28) |
| Chronic illness – self | 0.78 (0.37–1.64) | 2.87* (1.03–7.97) | 2.31* (1.09–4.87) | 0.77 (0.33–1.79) |
| Chronic illness – close | 1.92* (1.17–3.15) | 1.17 (0.48–2.82) | 1.83 (0.92–3.64) | 1.24 (0.64–2.40) |
| COVID-19 infection – self | 0.94 (0.18–4.81) | 4.99 (0.87–28.65) | 3.38 (0.91–12.58) | 0.50 (0.05–5.31) |
| COVID-19 infection – other | 1.77 (0.63–4.94) | 2.56 (0.66–9.95) | 2.43 (0.68–8.71) | 2.6 (0.81–8.37) |
| Pregnant | 1.70 (0.43–6.68) | 1.09 (0.19–6.27) | 0.69 (0.15–3.20) | 1.47 (0.33–6.66) |
| Family pregnant | 0.56 (0.16–1.99) | 0.95 (0.22–4.16) | 1.01 (0.27–3.70) | 0.65 (0.21–1.95) |
| Loneliness total | 1.66* (1.42–1.93) | 2.95* (2.25–3.87) | 1.69* (1.41–2.02) | 1.94* (1.64–2.29) |
| Resilience total | 0.92* (0.86–0.98) | 0.82* (0.75–0.90) | 0.86* (0.8–0.93) | 0.90* (0.84–0.96) |
| Locus of control – internal | 0.93 (0.87–1.00) | 0.87* (0.78–0.97) | 0.94 (0.84–1.04) | 0.86* (0.80–0.93) |
| Locus of control – chance | 0.97 (0.9–1.05) | 1.02 (0.89–1.17) | 1.01 (0.88–1.14) | 0.98 (0.89–1.08) |
| Locus of control – powerful others | 1.01 (0.94–1.09) | 1.13* (1.01–1.27) | 1.09 (0.98–1.21) | 1.03 (0.94–1.12) |
| Death anxiety | 1.02* (1.00–1.04) | 1.04* (1.01–1.07) | 1.03* (1.01–1.06) | 1.03* (1.01–1.05) |
| Intolerance of uncertainty | 1.05* (1.02–1.09) | 1.13* (1.07–1.19) | 1.09* (1.04–1.14) | 1.08* (1.04–1.12) |
| Perceived COVID risk – medium | 1.38 (0.82–2.33) | 0.84 (0.34–2.06) | 2.02 (0.81–5.01) | 0.79 (0.43–1.46) |
| Perceived COVID-19 risk – high | 2.15* (1.18–3.93) | 2.62 (0.96–7.15) | 3.77* (1.47–9.68) | 1.41 (0.68–2.90) |
Note: *p < .05. Reference class is ‘resilient’ anxiety-depression trajectory.