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Schema of the cohort. The study design, including the allocation of patients to the surgery group and CRT group according to the primary treatment modality, is shown. HNSC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; Surgery group, patients treated primarily by surgery with curative intent with/without (neo)adjuvant treatment; CRT group, patients treated primarily with chemotherapy and radiotherapy; Neo, neoadjuvant chemotherapy; RT, radiotherapy; CRT, chemoradiation therapy.
