TABLE 1.
Characteristics of patients with and without ADEs.
| Variable | Derivation cohort (N = 1,396) | Test cohort (N = 350) | p-value | Total (n = 1,746) | Patients with ADEs (n = 221) | Patients with no ADEs (n = 1,525) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||||
| Female (%) | 33.6% | 40.6% | 0.02 | 35.0% | 32.6% | 35.3% |
| Age (y) | 3.8 ± 3.89 | 3.72 ± 3.89 | 0.35 | 3.84 ± 3.89 | 3.72 ± 4.12 | 3.86 ± 3.85 |
| Weight (kg) | 16.30 ± 11.66 | 15.54 ± 10.72 | 0.39 | 16.15 ± 11.48 | 15.37 ± 11.51 | 16.26 ± 11.47 |
| Height (cm) | 95.01 ± 29.37 | 93.46 ± 29.41 | 0.36 | 94.70 ± 29.38 | 91.97 ± 31.40 | 95.10 ± 29.06 |
| BMI (kg/cm2) | 16.49 ± 3.63 | 16.27 ± 3.13 | 0.84 | 16.45 ± 3.53 | 16.17 ± 2.85 | 16.49 ± 3.62 |
| Developmental and nutritional status | ||||||
| Fine | 513 (36.7%) | 126 (36.00%) | 0.41 | 639 (36.6%) | 70 (31.7%) | 569 (37.3%) |
| Medium | 757 (54.2%) | 187 (53.43%) | 944 (54.1%) | 123 (55.7%) | 821 (53.8%) | |
| Lower middle | 99 (7.1%) | 25 (7.14%) | 124 (7.1%) | 19 (8.6%) | 105 (6.9%) | |
| Others | 27 (1.9%) | 12 (3.43%) | 39 (2.2%) | 9 (4.1%) | 26 (2.0%) | |
| Status at birth | ||||||
| Natural delivery | 382 (27.4%) | 84 (24%) | 0.22 | 1,280 (73.3%) | 171 (77.4%) | 1,110 (72.7%) |
| Cesarean | 1,014 (72.6%) | 266 (76%) | 466 (26.7%) | 50 (22.6%) | 416 (27.3%) | |
| Premature birth | 63 (4.5%) | 16 (4.57%) | 0.92 | 79 (4.5%) | 14 (6.3%) | 65 (4.3%) |
| Weight at birth | 3.22 ± 0.50 | 3.22 ± 0.51 | 0.83 | 3.22 ± 0.50 | 3.18 ± 0.49 | 3.22 ± 0.51 |
| Admission | ||||||
| Length of stay (d) | 7.90 ± 5.51 | 7.58 ± 4.32 | 0.42 | 7.83 ± 5.29 | 10.23 ± 8.03 | 7.48 ± 4.66 |
| Number of medical diagnoses | 2.94 ± 1.89 | 3.11 ± 2.02 | 0.92 | 2.97 ± 1.89 | 2.92 ± 1.98 | 2.83 ± 1.71 |
| Number of admissions | 1.80 ± 1.43 | 1.88 ± 1.39 | 0.67 | 1.81 ± 1.42 | 2.07 ± 1.60 | 1.77 ± 1.39 |
| Number of admissions in the previous 1 year | 0.47 ± 1.02 | 0.59 ± 1.12 | 0.26 | 0.49 ± 1.04 | 0.61 ± 1.01 | 0.47 ± 1.04 |
| Treatment | ||||||
| Surgical operation | 422 (30.2%) | 90 (25.7%) | 0.11 | 506 (29.0%) | 64 (30.3%) | 442 (28.8%) |
| Number of drugs | 14.14 ± 6.82 | 14.31 ± 6.53 | 0.84 | 14.18 ± 6.77 | 18.82 ± 9.02 | 13.51 ± 6.01 |
| Number of doses | 114.24 ± 109.94 | 114.10 ± 87.77 | 0.83 | 113.94 ± 104.97 | 189.94 ± 187.00 | 102.92 ± 83.30 |
| Antibacterial use | 720 (51.6%) | 194 (55.43%) | 0.22 | 914 (52.3%) | 146 (66.1%) | 768 (50.4%) |
| Sedative analgesic use | 587 (42.0%) | 122 (34.86%) | 0.02 | 709 (40.6%) | 95 (43.0%) | 614 (40.3%) |
| Anesthetic use | 798 (57.2%) | 199 (56.86%) | 0.97 | 997 (57.1%) | 117 (52.5%) | 880 (57.7%) |
| Other | ||||||
| Number of TT (+) | 1.42 ± 1.49 | 1.56 ± 1.62 | 0.88 | 1.45 ± 1.51 | 2.95 ± 2.02 | 1.23 ± 1.29 |
| ADEs | 177 (79.1%) | 44 (19.9%) | 0.99 | 221 (12.7%) | 221 (100%) | 0 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; TT, trigger true; ADEs, adverse drug events
Notes: Data for variables are presented as mean ± variance, excluding those presented as cases and percentage (%). p-value is calculated for comparing the difference between derivation and test cohorts, p < 0.05 is considered significant.