Table 1.
Overview of large open-access neuroimaging datasets
| Accessibility | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Short name | Full name | N | Comments | Score | Reference |
| young adults | |||||
| HCP | Human Connectome Project (Young Adult) | 1200 | ages 22-35, multimodal, genetics, task fMRI, behaviour, 7 T, partial test-retest (2, N = 45) | 2,3,4 | Van Essen et al. (2013); Glasser et al. (2016) |
| GSP | Brain Genomics Superstruct Project | 1570 | ages 18-35, resting state, behaviour, partial test-retest (2, N = 69) | 2,3 | Holmes et al. (2015) |
| AOMIC | Amsterdam Open MRI Collection | 1370 | ages 19-26, multimodal, task fMRI, behaviour | 1 | Snoek et al. (2021) |
| CoRR | Consortium for Reliability and Reproducibility | 1629 | resting state, test-retest (2+), multi-site (18), global | 1 | Zuo et al. (2014) |
| 7T-TRT | – | 22 | ages 21-30, multimodal, resting state, test-retest, behaviour, subset of CoRR (MPG1) | 1 | Gorgolewski et al. (2015) |
| CCBD | Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders | 30 | ages 20-30, resting state, test-retest (10), subset of CoRR (HNU1) | 1 | Chen et al. (2015) |
| – | Test-Retest Reliability of Brain Volume Measurements | 3 | ages 26-31, test-retest (20) | 1 | Maclaren et al. (2014) |
| SLIM | Southwest University Longitudinal Imaging Multimodal | 595 | ages 17-27, resting state, test-retest, China | 1 | Liu et al. (2017) |
| NARPS | Neuroimaging Analysis Replication and Prediction Study | 119 | ages 18-37, task fMRI | 1 | Botvinik-Nezer et al. (2019) and Botvinik-Nezer et al. (2020) |
| lifespan and aging | |||||
| NKI-RS/eNKI | Enhanced Nathan Kline Institute – Rockland Sample | > 1000 | on-going (current: 1334), ages 6-85, community sample, multimodal, task fMRI, behaviour | 1,4 | Nooner et al. (2012) |
| IXI | Information eXtraction from Images | 581 | ages 20-86, multi-site (3), multimodal | 1 | Keihaninejad et al. (2009) |
| Kirby-21/MMRR | Multi-Modal MRI Reproducibility Resource | 21 | ages 22-61, multimodal, test-retest (2) | 1 | Landman et al. (2011) |
| DLBS | Dallas Life Brain Study | 315 | ages 20-89, multimodal, task fMRI, behaviour, genetics | 1,4 | Kennedy et al. (2015) |
| ICBM | International Consortium for Brain Mapping | 853 | ages 18-80, multi-site (3) | 3 | Mazziotta et al. (2009) |
| SALD | Southwest University Adult Lifespan Dataset | 494 | ages 19-80, resting state, China | 1 | Wei et al. (2018) |
| LEMON | MPI Leipzig Study for Mind-Body-Emotion Interactions | 228 | ages 20-35 and 59-77, multimodal, resting state, behaviour | 1 | Babayan et al. (2019) |
| N&C | MPI Leipzig Neuroanatomy & Connectivity | 321 | ages 20-75, multimodal, resting state, behaviour | 1 | Mendes et al. (2019) |
| CC-359 | Calgary-Campinas-359 | 359 | ages 29-80, multi-site (6) | 1 | Souza et al. (2018) |
| CHBMP | Cuban Human Brain Mapping Project | 203 | ages 18-68, multimodal, behaviour | 3 | Valdes-Sosa et al. (2021) |
| YaleLowres | Yale Low-Resolution Controls | 100 | ages 18-66, resting state | 1 | Scheinost et al. (2015) |
| YaleHires | Yale High-Resolution Controls | 120 | ages 18-58, resting state | 1 | Finn et al. (2015) |
| YaleTRT | Yale Test-Retest | 12 | ages 27-56, resting state, test-retest (4) | 1 | Noble et al. (2017) |
| MOUS | Mother Of Unification Studies | 204 | ages 18-33, multimodal, task fMRI | 2 | Schoffelen et al. (2019) |
| NNdb | Naturalistic Neuroimaging Database | 86 | ages 18-58, movie watching, behaviour | 1 | (Aliko et al. 2020) |
| Narratives | – | 345 | ages 18-53, story listening | 1 | Nastase et al. (2020) |
| HCP-A | Lifespan Human Connectome Project in Aging | > 1200 | on-going (current: 725), ages 36-100, multi-site (4), multimodal, task fMRI, behaviour | 4 | Bookheimer et al. (2019) |
| OMEGA | Open MEG Archive | 220 | ages 21-75, multimodal, task fMRI | 3 | Niso et al. (2016) |
| CamCAN | Cambridge Center for Ageing and Neuroscience | 700 | ages 18-87, community sample, multimodal, task fMRI, movie watching, genetics | 3 | Taylor et al. (2017); Henson et al. (2020) |
| BLSA | Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging | > 1000 | on-going (current: 889; long.), ages 50-90, community sample, longitudinal, task fMRI, behaviour, genetics | 4 | Ferrucci (2008) and Armstrong et al. (2019) |
| BASE-II | Berlin Aging Study II | 2,200 | on-going (long.), ages 20-35 and 60-80, multimodal, behaviour, genetics | 4 | Bertram et al. (2014) |
| UKBB | UK Biobank Imaging study | 100,000 | on-going (current: 43k; long.), ages 35-80, community sample, longitudinal, multimodal, task fMRI, behaviour | 4 | Miller et al. (2016) and Littlejohns et al. (2020) |
| LBC1936 | Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 | 1091 | on-going (long.), ages 70-82, longitudinal, behaviour | 4 | Taylor et al. (2018) |
| Allen | Allen Human Brain Atlas | 8 | post-mortem, ages 24-57, multimodal, histology | 1 | Hawrylycz et al. (2012) |
| BigBrain | – | 1 | post-mortem, age 65, histology | 1 | Amunts et al. (2013) |
| development | |||||
| – | Theory of Mind development | 155 | ages 3-12 and 18-39, movie watching, behaviour | 1 | Richardson et al. (2018) |
| dHCP | Developing Human Connectome Project | > 1000 | on-going (current: 538), ages 20-45 weeks, multimodal, resting state | 2 | Hughes et al. (2017), Makropoulos et al. (2018), and Fitzgibbon et al. (2020) |
| ABCD | Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study | > 10,000 | on-going (current: 11,878; long.), ages 9-10 until 20, longitudinal, multi-site (21), multimodal, task fMRI | 4 | Casey et al. (2018) |
| HCP-D | Lifespan Human Connectome Project in Development | > 1350 | on-going (current: 655), ages 5-21, multimodal, multi-site (4), task fMRI | 4 | Somerville et al. (2018) |
| PING | Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition, and Genetics | 1493 | ages 3-20, multi-site (10), multimodal, resting state, genetics | 3 | Jernigan et al. (2016) |
| PNC | Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort | 1445 | ages 8-21, multimodal, task fMRI, genetics | 4 | Satterthwaite et al. (2016) |
| HBN | Healthy Brain Network | > 10,000 | on-going (current: 3625), ages 5-21, multimodal, task fMRI, movie watching, behaviour | 4 | Alexander et al. (2017) |
| PedsMRI | NIH Pediatric MRI Data Repository | 500 | ages birth-4, longitudinal, multimodal, multi-site (6), behaviour | 4 | Brain Development Cooperative Group and Evans (2006) |
| IBIS | Infant Brain Imaging Study | > 900 | on-going (current: 503; long.), ages 6-24 months, longitudinal, multimodal, multi-site (5) | 4 | Hazlett et al. (2012) and Cárdenas-de-la-Parra et al. (2021) |
| Dev-CoG | Developmental Chronnecto-Genomics | > 200 | on-going (no data release yet), ages 9-14, multi-site (2), longitudinal, multimodal, task fMRI, behaviour, genetics | 4 | Stephen et al. (2021) |
| highly sampled individuals | |||||
| MyConnectome | – | 1 | aged 45, repeated scans (84, spanning 18 months), multimodal, task fMRI | 1 | Poldrack et al. (2015) and Poldrack (2020) |
| MSC | Midnight Scan Club | 10 | repeated scans, multimodal, task fMRI, behaviour | 1 | Gordon et al. (2017) |
| Kirby Weekly | Single-subject Resting state fMRI Reproducibility Resource | 1 | aged 40, repeated scans (158, spanning 3.5 years), resting state | 1 | Choe et al. (2015) |
| SIMON | Single Individual volunteering for Multiple Observations across Networks | 1 | aged 29-46, repeated scans (73, spanning 15 years), mutli-site (36), multimodal, task fMRI | 1 | Duchesne et al. (2019) |
| IBC | Individual Brain Charting | 12 | on-going (long.), ages 26-41, repeated scans, task fMRI, movie watching | 1 | Pinho et al. (2018) and Pinho et al. (2020) |
| Studyforrest | – | 20 | multimodal, task fMRI, movie watching | 1 | Hanke et al. (2014) |
| BOLD5000 | Brain, Object, Landscape Dataset | 4 | ages 24-27, repeated scans, multimodal, task fMRI | 1 | Chang et al. (2019) |
| NSD | Natural Scenes Dataset | 8 | ages 19-32, repeated scans, multimodal, task fMRI | 3 | Naselaris et al. (2021) and Allen et al. (2021) |
| Sherlock | – | 16 | movie watching, behaviour | 1 | Chen et al. (2017) |
| T1 250 μ m | – | 1 | T1 scans at various resolutions (up to 250 μ m) | 1 | Lusebrink et al. (2017) |
| MASSIVE | Multiple Acquisitions for Standardization of Structural Imaging Validation and Evaluation | 1 | 8000 dMRI volumes with various parameters, along with T1 and T2 scans | 1 | Froeling et al. (2017) |
| Doctor Who | – | 1 | age 27, task fMRI, movie watching | Seeliger et al. (2019) | |
| C-NeuroMod | Courtois Project on Neuronal Modelling | 6 | on-going (repeated scans), repeated scans, multimodal, task fMRI, movie watching | 4 | Bellec and Boyle (2019) |
| dementia related | |||||
| OASIS-1 | Open Access Series of Imaging Studies 1: Cross-sectional MRI Data in Young, Middle Aged, Nondemented and Demented Older Adults | 416 | ages 18-96, repeated scans (4) | 1 | Marcus et al. (2007) |
| OASIS-2 | Longitudinal MRI Data in Nondemented and Demented Older Adults | 150 | ages 60-96, repeated scans (4), longitudinal | 1 | Marcus et al. (2010) |
| OASIS-3 | Longitudinal Neuroimaging, Clinical, and Cognitive Dataset for Normal Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease | 1098 | ages 42-95, longitudinal, multimodal, resting state, genetics | 3 | LaMontagne et al. (2019) |
| ADNI | Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative | > 3500 | on-going (current: 3228; long.), ages 55-90, longitudinal, multimodal, resting state, multi-site (57), genetics | 3 | Jack et al. (2008) |
| AIBL | Australian Imaging, Biomarker & Lifestyle | 863 | ages 55-96, longitudinal, multimodal, genetics, borrowed methods from ADNI | 3 | Ellis et al. (2009) |
| PREVENT-AD | Pre-symptomatic Evaluation of Experimental or Novel Treatments for Alzheimer Disease | 425 | ages 55-85, test-retest, longitudinal, multimodal, task fMRI, behaviour, genetics | 3 | Orban et al. (2015), Breitner et al. (2016), and Tremblay-Mercier et al. (2020) |
| HABS | Harvard Aging Brain Study | 290 | on-going (long.), ages 62-90, longitudinal, multimodal, task fMRI, behaviour, genetics | 4 | Dagley et al. (2017) |
| MAP | Rush Memory and Aging Project | > 2100 | on-going (current: 936 with MRI; long.), ages 65+, longitudinal, behaviour, genetics, histology | 4 | Bennett et al. (2012) and Lamar et al. (2020) |
| COMPASS-ND | Comprehensive Assessment of Neurodegeneration and Dementia | 2300 | on-going (current: 1132), ages 50-90, multi-site (30), longitudinal, behaviour | 4 | Chertkow et al. (2019) |
| other clinical samples | |||||
| ABIDE | Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange | 1112 | autism, ages 7-64, multi-site (17), resting state | 1 | Di Martino et al. (2014) |
| ABIDE2 | Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange II | 2156 | autism, ages 5-64, mutli-site (19), multimodal, resting state | 1 | Martino et al. (2017) |
| ADHD-200 | ADHD-200 Global Competition | 973 | ADHD, ages 7-27, multi-site (8), resting state | 1 | ADHD-200 Consortium (2012); Fair et al. (2013) and Bellec et al. (2017) |
| SchizConnect | – | 1400 | schizophrenia, ages 14-67, multimodal, multi-site, task fMRI | 3 | Wang et al. (2016) |
| COBRE | Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence | 146 | schizophrenia, ages 18-65, resting state, behaviour, subset of SchizConnect | 1 | Çetin et al. (2014) and Aine et al. (2017) |
| MCIC | MIND Clinical Imaging Consortium | 331 | schizophrenia, ages 18-60, multi-site (4), multimodal, task fMRI, behaviour, genetics, subset of SchizConnect | 3,4 | Gollub et al. (2013) |
| NUSDAST | Northwestern University Schizophrenia Data and Software Tool | 451 | schizophrenia, ages 17-67, multimodal, behaviour, genetics, subset of SchizConnect | 3 | Wang et al. (2013) |
| CANDI | Child and Adolescent NeuroDevelopment Initiative | 103 | schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, ages 4-17 | 1 | Frazier et al. (2008) |
| LA5c | UCLA Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics | 273 | schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, ADHD, ages 21-50, multimodal, task fMRI | 1 | Poldrack et al. (2016) |
| PPMI | Parkinson Progression Marker Initiative | 600 | Parkinson’s disease, ages 30-87, multimodal, multi-site (21) | 3 | Marek et al. (2011) |
| QPN | Québec Parkinson Network | > 2000 | Parkinson’s disease, on-going (current:1070), ages 33-94, multimodal | 4 | Gan-Or et al. (2020) |
| TRACK-HD | Track Huntington’s Disease | 366 | Huntington’s disease, ages 18-65, multi-site (4), multimodal, behaviour, genetics | 4 | Tabrizi et al. (2009) |
| SRPBS-MD | Strategic Research Program for Brain Sciences - Multi-Disorder | 805 | several patient groups, mutli-site (9) | 3 | Yamashita et al. (2019) |
| PAIN | Pain and Interoception Imaging Network | 973 | pain-related conditions, multi-site, resting state, behaviour | 4 | Labus et al. (2016) |
| MNI Open iEEG | – | 106 | intracranial EEG | 3 | Frauscher et al. (2018) |
| RAM | Restoring Active Memory | 251 | intracranial EEG | 3 | Weidemann et al. (2019) |
| non-human | |||||
| PRIME | PRIMatE Data Exchange | > 100 | primate, on-going (current: 227), multi-site, task fMRI | 2,4 | Milham et al. (2020) |
| MNDD | UNC-Wisconsin Rhesus Macaque Neurodevelopment Database | 34 | macaque, longitudinal, multimodal | 1 | Young et al. (2017) |
| – | Awake Rat rsfMRI Database | 90 | rat, resting-state | 1 | Liu et al. (2020) |
| – | Mouse rest multicentre | 255 | mouse, resting-state, multi-site (17) | 1 | Grandjean et al. (2020) |
Projects that are “on-going” have the target N listed, though the current available sample size (as of February 2021) or if the on-going nature is related to the collection of subsequent longitudinal timepoints. Numbers after “multi-site” indicate the number of sites. “resting state” indicates that resting-state fMRI data is available (but not task), “task fMRI” indicates that task, and often resting-state, fMRI data are available; “multimodal” indicates that other imaging modalities are available beyond T1-weighted and fMRI data; “behaviour” indicates that a substantial amount of non-fMRI behavioural measures; “genetics” indicates that at least some genetics data was also acquired and is shared. Sample sizes for the dementia and other clinical samples include all individuals (i.e., including matched healthy controls). See main text for a detailed description of the accessibility score