Table 4.
Relative Risk of Hospital Admission, Intensive Care Unit Admission, Mechanical Ventilation, or Death for Current and Never Users of Proton Pump Inhibitors
| Outcome | Current proton pump inhibitor use |
Never proton pump inhibitor use |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Events | Risk (%) | Events | Risk (%) | Relative risk | |
| Crude | |||||
| Hospital admission | 995/4473 | 22.2 (21.0–23.5) | 2145/59,413 | 3.6 (3.5–3.8) | 6.16 (5.75–6.60) |
| ICU admission | 118/4473 | 2.6 (2.2–3.1) | 254/59,413 | 0.4 (0.4–0.5) | 6.17 (4.97–7.66) |
| Mechanical ventilation | 68/4473 | 1.5 (1.2–1.9) | 145/59,413 | 0.2 (0.2–0.3) | 6.23 (4.68–8.30) |
| Death | 269/4473 | 6.0 (5.3–6.7) | 280/59,413 | 0.5 (0.4–0.5) | 12.76 (10.82–15.04) |
| ICU or death | 353/4473 | 7.9 (7.1–8.7) | 487/59,413 | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 9.63 (8.42–11.00) |
| Matched | |||||
| Hospital admission | 734/3955 | 18.6 (17.3–19.8) | 650/3955 | 16.4 (15.3–17.6) | 1.13 (1.03–1.24) |
| ICU admission | 92/3955 | 2.3 (1.9–2.8) | 95/3955 | 2.4 (1.9–2.9) | 0.97 (0.73–1.29) |
| Mechanical ventilation | 55/3955 | 1.4 (1.0–1.8) | 55/3955 | 1.4 (1.0–1.8) | 1.00 (0.69–1.45) |
| Death | 166/3955 | 4.2 (3.6–4.8) | 189/3955 | 4.8 (4.1–5.4) | 0.88 (0.72–1.08) |
| ICU or death | 235/3955 | 5.9 (5.2–6.7) | 260/3,955 | 6.6 (5.8–7.3) | 0.90 (0.76–1.07) |
ICU, intensive care unit.