Table 2.
Characteristics of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging cohort by baseline sleep apnoea status
| Variable | Sleep apnoea N = 3609 |
Non-sleep apnoea N = 20,464 |
OR (95% CI)3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Women | 1102 (30.5%) | 10,912 (53.3%) | 1 [reference] |
| Men | 2507 (69.5%) | 9552 (46.7%) | 2.60 (2.41–2.80) | |
| Age at recruitment | Mean (SD), years | 62.08 ± 9.31 | 62.69 ± 10.16 | 0.94 (0.91–0.98) per 10-year increase |
| Ethnicity | White | 2492 (69.0%) | 14,970 (73.2%) | 1 [reference] |
| Asian | 34 (0.9%) | 201 (1.0%) | 1.02 (0.69–1.44) | |
| African | 18 (0.5%) | 110 (0.5%) | 0.98 (0.58–1.58) | |
| Others | 1065 (29.5%) | 5183 (25.3%) | 1.23 (1.14–1.33) | |
| Smoking | Current | 344 (9.5%) | 1608 (7.9%) | 1 [reference] |
| Never | 1546 (42.8%) | 10,071 (49.2%) | 0.72 (0.63–0.82) | |
| Previous | 1719 (47.6%) | 8785 (42.9%) | 0.91 (0.81–1.04) | |
| Social standing1 | Mean (SD) | 6.18 ± 1.93 | 6.27 ± 1.80 | 0.97 (0.95–0.99) |
| WHR | Mean (SD) | 0.95 ± 0.09 | 0.90 ± 0.10 | 1.84 (1.77–1.92) |
| Obesity | No | 652 (18.1%) | 8065 (39.5%) | 1 [reference] |
| Yes | 2946 (81.9%) | 12,355 (60.5%) | 2.95 (2.70–3.23) | |
| SBP | Mean (SD), mm Hg | 129.99 ± 18.60 | 127.43 ± 19.54 | 1.07 (1.05–1.09) per 10-mmHg increase |
| HDL cholesterol | Mean (SD), mmol/L | 1.34 ± 0.43 | 1.53 ± 0.48 | 0.37 (0.34–0.40) |
| Total cholesterol | Mean (SD), mmol/L | 4.92 ± 1.13 | 5.19 ± 1.09 | 0.80 (0.77–0.82) |
| Presence of diabetes | No | 3074 (85.2%) | 18,825 (92.0%) | 1 [reference] |
| Yes | 535 (14.8%) | 1639 (8.0%) | 2.00 (1.80–2.22) | |
| Presence of heart disease | No | 3048 (84.6%) | 18,377 (89.9%) | 1 [reference] |
| Yes | 556 (15.4%) | 2060 (10.1%) | 1.63 (1.47–1.80) | |
| Incident AMD2 | No | 3268 (97.5%) | 18,783 (98.0%) | 1 [reference] |
| Yes | 83 (2.5%) | 374 (2.0%) | 1.28 (1.00–1.61) | |
| Incident glaucoma2 | No | 3312 (97.3%) | 18,876 (98.0%) | 1 [reference] |
| Yes | 93 (2.7%) | 393 (2.0%) | 1.35 (1.07–1.69) | |
AMD, age-related macular degeneration; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio
1The self-rated social standing ranges between 1 and 10, where higher rating means better socioeconomic status
2AMD and glaucoma cases represent incident cases after excluding prevalent cases
3The ORs were calculated using univariate logistic regression models