Table 3.
Associations of sleep apnoea with the incidence risk of glaucoma and AMD in the UK Biobank
| Model1 | Glaucoma event | AMD event | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Model 1 | 1.68 (1.40–2.02) | < 0.001 | 1.74 (1.44–2.11) | < 0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.54 (1.29–1.85) | < 0.001 | 1.80 (1.49–2.18) | < 0.001 |
| Model 3 | 1.49 (1.24–1.79) | < 0.001 | 1.59 (1.31–1.93) | < 0.001 |
| Model 4 | 1.51 (1.26–1.82) | < 0.001 | 1.57 (1.30–1.90) | < 0.001 |
| Model 5 | 1.33 (1.10–1.60) | 0.003 | 1.39 (1.15–1.68) | < 0.001 |
AMD, age-related macular degeneration; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio
1Model 1: univariable Cox regression model; model 2: adjusted for sex and age; model 3: included model 2 variables plus Townsend deprivation index, ethnic group, smoking status, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease; model 4: included model 3 variables plus systolic blood pressure, waist-to-hip ratio, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; model 5: included model 4 variables plus indicator variables for wearing glasses, having any hospital inpatient records, having any primary care clinical records, and giving consent to touchscreen questionnaires