Table 3.
Antibiotic resistance profile of bacteria isolates from surgical sites
| S. no. | Antibiotics tested | Gram-positives | Gram-negatives | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S. aureus (n = 5) | CoNS (n = 1) | Streptococcus (n = 3) | P. aeruginosa (n = 8) | Proteus spp. (n = 6) | E. Coli (n = 9) | Klebsiella spp. (n = 5) | Citrobacter spp. (n = 4) | Serratia spp. (n = 1) | |||
| Resistance; n | Resistance; n | Resistance; n | Resistance; n | Resistance; n | Resistance; n | Resistance; n | Resistance; n | Resistance; n | Resistance n (%) | ||
| 1 | Penicillin | 3 | 1 | 2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 6 (66.7) |
| 2 | Erythromycin | 4 | Ds | 2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 6 (66.7) |
| 3 | Vancomycin | 1 | Ds | 2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3 (33.3) |
| 4 | Clindamycin | 4 | Ds | 2 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 6 (66.7) |
| 5 | Tetracycline | Ds | Ds | 1 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1 (11.1) |
| 6 | Cotrimoxazole | 3 | Ds | 1 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 22 (52.4) |
| 7 | Chloramphenicol | Ds | Ds | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 2 | ND | 16 (48.48) |
| 8 | Ampicillin | ND | ND | ND | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 20 (60.60) |
| 9 | Cefepime | ND | ND | ND | 8 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 29 (87.88) |
| 10 | Ceftazidime | ND | ND | ND | 5 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 17 (51.51) |
| 11 | Ceftriaxone | ND | ND | ND | 8 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 26 (78.79) |
| 12 | Cefuroxime | ND | ND | ND | 6 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 1 | ND | 21 (63.63) |
| 13 | Ciprofloxacin | ND | ND | ND | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 3 | ND | 20 (60.60) |
| 14 | Meropenem | ND | ND | ND | 5 | 3 | Ds | 2 | 1 | 1 | 12 (36.36) |
| 15 | Gentamycin | ND | ND | ND | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 13 (39.39) |
Percentage of resistance strain is calculated by dividing of the number of resistance specific isolate to the identified isolate (e.g. there were 5 isolates of S. aureus identified; of which 4 are resistance to Erythromycin, which showed the Erythromycin of 80% (4/5)
ND not done, Ds done susceptible, CONS coagulase-negative staphylococcus