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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 15.
Published in final edited form as: Biosens Bioelectron. 2021 Jan 23;178:113007. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113007

Figure 3. Energy harvesting power sources for wireless, battery-free sensors.

Figure 3.

A, Operation mechanism and system construct of a soft electronic skin with multiplexed and wireless sensing functions powered by nanoengineered biofuel cells (BFCs). B, Block diagram of the system function (upper), schematic illustration (lower left) and photographs (lower right) of the BFC-powered wireless E-skins. C, Device structure and operation principle of sweat-activated batteries for driving epidermal electronic and microfluidic systems. D, Block diagram of the system function (upper), and photograph of the electronic (lower left) and microfluidic (lower right) modules.