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. 2021 Apr 14;12:632028. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.632028

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Copyright © 2021 Renno, Afzal, Paul, Nair, Kumar and Al-Hassan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A): Representative 40× and 100× photomicrographs of lumbar spinal cord ventral grey horn immunostained for NeuN at Week 4 and Week 6 post-injury. Note less number of NeuN-immunostained neurons in the sciatic nerve-injured group (CRUSH) compared to the SHAM group. The number of the NeuN-immunoreactive neurons are remarkably more in the CRUSH + SPF-FB(IP) and CRUSH + SPF-FB (S.C.)-treated groups compared to the CRUSH group. (B): Bar graph shows the number of NeuN-immunoreactive neurons in the ipsilateral ventral grey horn at Week 4 and Week 6 post-injury. Note the significant decrease in the number of NeuN-immunostained neurons in the CRUSH group. Further, the number of neurons significantly increased in the CRUSH + SPF-FB (IP) and CRUSH + SPF-FB(S.C.)-treated groups at Week 4 and Week 6 post-injury. * indicates p < 0.0001 CRUSH vs. all groups; ¥ indicates p < 0.003 CRUSH + SPF-FB(IP) and CRUSH + SPF-FB(S.C.) vs. SHAM; Φ indicates p < 0.008 CRUSH vs. CRUSH + SPF-FB(S.C.); ** indicates p < 0.0001 CRUSH + SPF-FB(IP) and CRUSH + SPF-FB (S.C.) vs. SHAM. (C): Bar graph shows the number of NeuN-immunoreactive neurons in the ipsilateral dorsal grey horn at week 4 and week 6 post-injury. Similarly, note the significant decrease in the number of neurons in the CRUSH group. In contrast, IP and S.C. SPF-FB treatments significantly increased the number of NeuN-immunoreactive neurons compared to CRUSH animals. * indicates p < 0.0001 CRUSH vs. All groups; ¥ indicates p < 0.02 CRUSH + SPF-FB(IP) and CRUSH + SPF-FB(S.C.) vs. SHAM; Φ indicates p < 0.004 CRUSH + 0.5X SPF-FB(IP) and CRUSH + 1X SPF-FB(S.C.) vs. SHAM.