TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants in 27 cohorts to study the association between legume consumption and incident type 2 diabetes in InterConnect
| Analytical sample | Women | Age2 | BMI2 | New primary/secondary type 2 diabetes cases | Follow-up time3 | Total legume intake3 | Pulse intake3 | Soy intake3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study (country)1 | n | % | y | kg/m2 | n | y | g/day | g/day | g/day |
| Americas | |||||||||
| ARIC (USA) | 9650 | 56 | 53.8 ± 5.7 | 27.2 ± 5.0 | 723/2005 | 9.5 (8.8, 23.2) | 36 (23, 58) | 33 (19, 51) | — |
| CARDIA (USA) | 3920 | 59 | 25.0 ± 3.6 | 24.4 ± 4.8 | 198/198 | 25.0 (19.0, 25.0) | 16 (4, 38) | 2 (0, 9) | — |
| ELSA-Brasil (Brazil) | 11,420 | 57 | 51.7 ± 9.0 | 26.7 ± 4.6 | 340/1009 | 3.8 (3.5, 4.1) | 140 (67,280) | 140 (67,280) | — |
| MESA (USA) | 4922 | 54 | 61.7 ± 10.3 | 28.0 ± 5.2 | 228/692 | 9.0 (6.6, 10.0) | 31 (15, 59) | 20 (9, 39) | 0 (0, 2) |
| MTC (Mexico) | 59,829 | 100 | 41.8 ± 7.7 | 27.2 ± 4.7 | 1537/1674 | 6.5 (6.5, 6.5) | 54 (26, 99) | 45 (18, 80) | 0 (0, 0) |
| PRHHP (Puerto Rico) | 6977 | 0 | 54.1 ± 6.6 | 25.0 ± 3.9 | 310/825 | 5.0 (5.0, 5.0) | 84 (0, 126) | 84 (0, 126) | — |
| WHI (USA) | 83,435 | 100 | 63.6 ± 7.4 | 26.5 ± 5.5 | 7728/7728 | 12.1 (8.8, 13.8) | 28 (14, 51) | 22 (11, 42) | 0 (0, 0) |
| Eastern Mediterranean | |||||||||
| Golestan (Iran) | 10,181 | 52 | 51.3 ± 7.9 | 26.8 ± 5.3 | 550/1191 | 4.1 (3.4, 5.6) | 13 (8, 20) | 12 (7, 18) | 0 (0, 1) |
| Europe | |||||||||
| CoLaus (Switzerland) | 3813 | 55 | 57.1 ± 10.4 | 25.8 ± 4.3 | 212/269 | 5.4 (5.3, 5.6) | 3 (0, 8) | 2 (0, 5) | 0 (0, 0) |
| COSM/SMC (Sweden) | 49,005 | 46 | 59.6 ± 8.8 | 25.2 ± 3.5 | 4780/4858 | 18.0 (18.0, 18.0) | 28 (20, 52) | 25 (20, 35) | 0 (0, 16) |
| ELSA (UK) | 7159 | 56 | 63.8 ± 9.4 | 28.0 ± 5.1 | 0/422 | 7.8 (5.8, 8.1) | 0 (0, 0) | — | — |
| EPIC-InterAct France | 795 | 100 | 56.9 ± 6.5 | 24.6 ± 4.7 | 257/257 | 9.3 (7.3, 10.5) | 13 (3, 26) | — | — |
| EPIC-InterAct Germany | 3448 | 50 | 52.4 ± 8.3 | 27.6 ± 4.8 | 1505/1505 | 9.5 (4.9, 11.2) | 3 (1, 6) | — | — |
| EPIC-InterAct Italy | 3112 | 65 | 51.4 ± 7.7 | 27.4 ± 4.8 | 1271/1271 | 10.9 (6.8, 12.7) | 5 (2, 12) | — | — |
| EPIC-InterAct The Netherlands | 2067 | 83 | 54.2 ± 10.0 | 26.6 ± 4.5 | 741/741 | 11.1 (6.4, 12.6) | 7 (3, 14) | — | 0 (0, 1) |
| EPIC-InterAct Spain | 5584 | 57 | 50.4 ± 7.8 | 29.3 ± 4.6 | 2354/2354 | 12.5 (9.0, 13.6) | 45 (26, 73) | — | — |
| EPIC-InterAct Sweden | 5192 | 53 | 54.9 ± 9.7 | 26.7 ± 4.6 | 2383/2383 | 11.9 (9.2, 13.6) | 0 (0, 1) | — | — |
| EPIC-InterAct UK | 1858 | 53 | 58.3 ± 10.5 | 26.9 ± 4.5 | 608/608 | 10.6 (6.3, 12.2) | 11 (6, 21) | — | 0 (0, 0) |
| FMC (Finland) | 9057 | 49 | 39.0 ± 15.6 | 24.8 ± 4.1 | 481/481 | 24.3 (22.5, 25.8) | 5 (2, 8) | 5 (2, 8) | — |
| Hoorn (The Netherlands) | 1232 | 54 | 60.0 ± 6.7 | 26.2 ± 3.1 | 16/94 | 6.4 (6.1, 6.7) | 11 (5, 22) | — | 0 (0, 0) |
| SUN (Spain) | 19,261 | 60 | 37.6 ± 12.0 | 23.5 ± 3.5 | 142/142 | 10.1 (5.9, 12.6) | 21 (13, 30) | 21 (13, 30) | — |
| Whitehall II (UK) | 3991 | 29 | 49.6 ± 5.9 | 25.2 ± 3.7 | 466/586 | 16.2 (15.4, 16.6) | 19 (10, 33) | 16 (10, 25) | 0 (0, 0) |
| Zutphen Elderly (The Netherlands) | 475 | 0 | 71.0 ± 4.7 | 25.7 ± 2.9 | 11/61 | 10.2 (5.3, 10.3) | 0 (0, 14) | 0 (0, 16) | 0 (0, 0) |
| Western Pacific | |||||||||
| AusDiab (Australia) | 6153 | 52 | 51.3 ± 7.9 | 26.8 ± 5.3 | 196/387 | 11.7 (5.1, 12.2) | 26 (16, 40) | 25 (15, 38) | 0 (0, 1) |
| CKB (China) | 482,589 | 59 | 51.1 ± 10.6 | 23.6 ± 3.3 | 9601/9601 | 7.2 (6.3, 8.1) | 34 (9, 34) | — | 34 (9, 34) |
| KoGES A&A (Republic of Korea) | 5279 | 52 | 50.6 ± 8.6 | 24.5 ± 3.0 | 81/790 | 7.7 (3.8, 7.8) | 42 (25, 68) | 2 (1, 3) | 39 (23, 64) |
| KoGES CAVAS (Republic of Korea) | 7381 | 64 | 61.5 ± 9.9 | 24.2 ± 3.1 | 31/341 | 4.1 (3.1, 5.5) | 23 (11, 47) | 0 (0, 1) | 22 (10, 44) |
ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study; AusDiab, the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study; CARDIA, the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study; CKB, the China Kadoorie Biobank; CoLaus, the Cohorte Lausannoise; COSM, the Cohort of Swedish Men; ELSA, the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing; ELSA-Brasil, the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health; EPIC, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer; FMC, the Finnish Mobile Clinic Health Examination Survey; KoGES CAVAS, Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study of Cardiovascular Disease Association; KoGES A&A, Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study Ansan and Ansung; MESA, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; MTC, the Mexican Teachers Cohort; PRHHP, the Puerto Rico Heart Health Program; SMC, the Swedish Mammography Cohort; SUN, the University of Navarra Follow-up Study; WHI, the Women's Health Initiative.
Values are mean ± SD.
Values are median (IQR).