Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Information in Patients and Healthy Controls
| Demographics | Non-NPSLE (n=28) |
HCs (n=20) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 35.54±7.38 | 34.60±8.25 | 0.682 |
| Education (years) | 12.21±3.61 | 13.60±3.97 | 0.215 |
| Disease duration (years) | 7.71±5.58 | N/A | N/A |
| SLEDAI | 1.25±1.17 | N/A | N/A |
| Antiphospholipid antibodies | 0 | N/A | N/A |
| Treatments | — | — | |
| Glucocorticoid (mg) | 7.48±4.88 | N/A | N/A |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 20 (71.4%) | N/A | N/A |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | 2 (0.07%) | N/A | N/A |
| Cyclophosphamide | 2 (0.07%) | N/A | N/A |
| C3 (g/L) | 0.70±0.20 | N/A | N/A |
| C4 (mg/L) | 119.68±65.23 | N/A | N/A |
| MMSE | 28.86±1.35 | 29.20±0.70 | 0.258 |
| FSS | 39.57±9.74 | 26.30±10.96 | <0.001 |
| BDI-II | 7.11±4.17 | 5.85±4.00 | 0.300 |
Notes: Thirty-one non-NPSLE patients and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in this study, three patients were excluded for further study for head motion over 3.0 mm of translation or 3.0° of rotation; p-value was obtained by the two-sample t-test, values are mean SD.
Abbreviations: Non-NPSLE, non-neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus; HCs healthy controls; SLEDAI, systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index; MMSE, the Mini-mental state examination; FSS, fatigue severity scale; BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory II scale.