Fig. 2.

Types of obesity in respect to metabolic phenotype and respective risk of type 2 diabetes. According to body composition (defined by BMI and WHR) and metabolic profile (defined by HOMA-IR index and lipid profile), at least 4 types of metabolic states/phenotypes can be defined (I-IV). People who appear normal-weight can be insulin resistant and therefore designated as "metabolically obese" normal-weight (III). In addition, obese people who are insulin sensitive are designated as "metabolically healthy" obese (II). Transient metabolic phenotypes - with or without insulin resistance and with or without obesity should be considered in predictions of T2DM development. T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI: body mass index; HOMA-IR: Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; WHR: waist-to-hip ratio.