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. 2021 Mar 23;141(6):959–970. doi: 10.1007/s00401-021-02300-8

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Characteristics of the methylome of ependymoma and subependymoma components. a Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of the top 0.1%, 0.2%, 1% and 5% most variable CpG sites. Annotations of sample type and patient identification numbers are provided. b The average methylation change from subependymoma components to normal brain controls (top) and ependymoma to normal brain controls (bottom). Colored dots represent CpG sites that show significant hypomethylation (orange dots, total count provided) or hypermethylation (green dots, total numbers provided) at each tumor component (p value_adjusted < 0.05 and |∆β|> 0.3). c Venn diagram showing overlap and unique CpG sites for each component. d Fractions of hypo- and hypermethylated unique CpG sites of subependymoma (SE) and ependymoma (EPN) components compared to normal brain stem tissue within different epigenomic substructures. e Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of 2616 differentially methylated CpG sites between the ependymoma and subependymoma component (p value_adjusted < 0.05). Heatmap shows average β values of brain stem control samples (n = 12), subependymoma and ependymoma component of mixed tumors (each n = 4), and pure subependymomas (n = 14) and ependymomas (n = 12)