Table 2.

Summary information about natural antioxidants affecting the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream genes after exposure to various mycotoxins

Mycotoxin	Natural ingredients	Influence on Nrf2	Influence on Nrf2 downstream genes	References
DON	Resveratrol	↑	↑GCLM, GCLC	Yang et al. (2019)
	Baicalin zinc	↓	↓HO-1	Zha et al. (2020a)
	Baicalin copper	↓	↓HO-1	Zha et al. (2020b)
ZEA	Grape-seed proanthocyanidin extract	↑	↑HO-1, NQO1, γ-GCS	Long et al. (2016)
	Curcumin	↑	↑HO-1↓Keap1	Chen et al. (2020)
AFB1	Curcumin	↑	↑HO-1	Zhang et al. (2016); Wang et al. (2018); Muhammad et al. (2018); Li et al. (2019b)
	Phenolics of gingera	↑	↑HO-1	Vipin et al. (2017)
	Resveratrol	↑	↑HO-1, NQO1	Zhou et al. (2019)
	Grape-seed proanthocyanidin extract	↑	↑HO-1, GPx1, NQO1, GCLC	Rajput et al. (2019)
	Coffee	↑	↑HO-1, GCLC, NQO1	Cavin et al. (2008)
	Lycopene	↑	↑ NQO1, GCLM, GCLC	Yu et al. (2018a)
OTA	Quercetinb	↑	–	Ramyaa and Padma (2013); Ramyaa et al. (2014)
	Luteolin	↑	↑ HO-1, γ-GCS and Gpx-1	Liu et al. (2020)
	Astaxanthin	↑	↓ Keap-1, ↑HO-1	Cui et al. (2020)
	Yeast selenium (Se-Y)	↑	↑HO-1, GSH-px, GLRX2	Li et al. (2020a, c)
	Curcumin	↑	↑HMOX1	Zhai et al. (2020)

↓ downregulated, ↑ upregulated

^aIn human cells

^bIn human and animal cells