Table 1.
Biomarker characteristics of the cases used in the CSF cohort of study. Diagnostic groups included controls (HC, ND), prion diseases (sCJD, gCJD-E200K, gCJD-V210I, FFI and iCJD), and AD cases
| n | Sex (f/m) | Age | sTREM2 (pg/mL) | 95% CI | tau (pg/mL) | 14-3-3 | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean + SD | Mean + SD | Mean + SD | Pos/neg | sTREM2 vs. sex | sTREM2 vs. age | ||||
| HC | 48 | 26/22 | 64 ± 15 | 1898 ± 842 | 1653–2143 | 246 ± 132 | 0/48 | 0.26 | 0.20 |
| ND | 64 | 39/25 | 66 ± 9 | 2321 ± 1125 | 2040–2602 | 441 ± 410 | 13/49 | 0.87 | 0.61 |
| sCJD | 139 | 73/66 | 66 ± 11 | 6975 ± 8523 | 5544–8403 | 7337 ± 7658* | 118/21 | 0.83 | 0.26 |
| gCJD—E200K | 57 | 35/22 | 60 ± 10 | 6341 ± 8128 | 4184–8498 | 6548 ± 5688 | 49/8 | 0.13 | 0.91 |
| gCJD—V210I | 34 | 18/16 | 66 ± 10 | 8231 ± 10,257 | 4652–11,810 | 10,548 ± 9985 | 27/7 | 0.18 | 0.63 |
| FFI—D178N-M | 26 | 9/17 | 50 ± 12 | 2871 ± 2704 | 1779–3963 | 993 ± 1715 | 4/22 | 0.22 | 0.19 |
| iCJD | 10 | 5/5 | 50 ± 11 | 4709 ± 2712 | 3025–6036 | 12,171 ± 10,053 | 8/2 | 0.42 | 0.44 |
| AD | 35 | 22/13 | 67 ± 10 | 2896 ± 1603 | 2345–3447 | 633 ± 401 | NA | 0.41 | 0.25 |
Number of cases (n), age [mean value ± standard deviation (SD)], sex distribution (f female, m male), CSF sTREM2 [mean value ± SD, and 95% confidence interval (95% CI)] and t-tau (mean value ± SD) concentrations as well as 14-3-3 positivity (pos/positive, neg/negative) are indicated. Inconclusive 14-3-3 tests were considered as negative. Significant associations (p value) between sTREM2 with sex and age for each diagnostic group are reported. *For 13 cases, t-tau data were not available. (NA not available)