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. 2021 May 11;7:49. doi: 10.1038/s41523-021-00260-6

Table 1.

LEAN 1 and LEAN 2 study participant characteristics.

Characteristic Total (n = 149) Intervention (n = 91) Usual Care (n = 58) P valuea
Age, years, mean (SD), range (n = 149)

58.0 ± 7.8

32-73

59.0 ± 7.3

44-73

56.3 ± 8.4

32-72

0.04
Postmenopausal, n (%) (n = 149) 124 (83) 77 (85) 47 (81) 0.57
Race/Ethnicity, n (%) (n = 149) 0.53
 White (non-Hispanic) 131 (88) 82 (90) 49 (85)
 Black or African American 10 (7) 5 (6) 5 (9)
 Hispanic 6 (4) 3 (3) 3 (5)
 Other 1 (1) 0 (0) 1 (2)
 Declined to report 1 (1) 1 (1) 0 (0)
Education, n (%) (n = 149) 0.17
 High school degree 19 (13) 10 (11) 9 (16)
 Some college degree 39 (26) 22 (24) 17 (29)
 College degree 38 (26) 29 (32) 9 (16)
 Graduate degree 53 (36) 30 (33) 23 (40)
Time from diagnosis to LEAN enrollment, years, mean (SD) (n = 147) 2.9 ± 2.5 2.7 ± 2.0 3.2 ± 3.1 0.25
Body weight, kg, mean (SD) (n = 149) 87.8 ± 17.7 85.0 ± 16.9 92.3 ± 18.1 0.01
Percent body fat (SD) (n = 149) 43.2 ± 4.9 43.3 ± 4.5 42.9 ± 5.5 0.63
Baseline BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) (n = 149) 33.2 ± 6.4 32.2 ± 6.0 34.6 ± 6.7 0.03
BMI (kg/m2) (n = 149) 0.02
 Overweight BMI < 30 61 (41) 44 (48) 17 (29)
 Obese BMI ≥ 30 88 (59) 47 (52) 41 (71)
Disease stage, n (%) (n = 149) 0.81
 DCIS (stage 0) 25 (17) 13 (14) 12 (21)
 Stage I 74 (50) 46 (51) 28 (48)
 Stage II 36 (24) 22 (24) 14 (24)
 Stage III 11 (7) 8 (9) 3 (5)
 Unknown 3 (2) 2 (2) 1 (2)
Adjuvant treatment after surgery, n (%) (n = 149) 0.38
 None 17 (11) 8 (9) 9 (16)
 Radiation only 57 (38) 34 (37) 23 (40)
 Chemotherapy only 23 (15) 17 (19) 6 (10)
 Radiation and chemotherapy 52 (35) 32 (35) 20 (35)
Current endocrine therapy, n (%) (n = 128) 0.07
 Aromatase inhibitors (AI’s) only 30 (23) 21 (26) 9 (19)
 Tamoxifen 43 (34) 20 (25) 23 (48)
 Both 9 (7) 6 (8) 3 (6)
 None 46 (36) 33 (41) 13 (27)

aT-tests for continuous variables and chi-squared tests or Fischer’s exact tests for categorical variables.