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. 2021 May 11;11:9950. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89408-9

Table 4.

Association between handgrip strength and other variables.

Variable Regression parameter Women Regression parameter Men
95%CI p 95%CI p
Age [years] 65–69 ref ref
70–74 −1.361 −3.571 0.849 0.229 −3.194 −7.488 1.1 0.148
75–79 −1.015 −3.369 1.34 0.399 −1.688 −7.162 3.787 0.547
80–85 −2.202 −4.453 0.049 0.056 0.54 −3.416 4.496 0.79
 > 85 −0.423 −3.502 2.655 0.788 −0.588 −5.687 4.512 0.822
Body mass [kg] −0.295 −0.984 0.394 0.403 −0.929 −2.212 0.355 0.159
Height [cm] 0.447 −0.158 1.051 0.149 0.948 −0.264 2.161 0.128
BMI [kg/m2] 0.878 −0.826 2.583 0.313 2.772 −0.931 6.474 0.145
Marital status Married ref ref
Widow/er −2.792 −4.615 −0.97 0.003 * −4.298 −7.32 −1.277 0.006 *
Divorced −3.927 −7.721 −0.133 0.044 * −1.099 −5.991 3.793 0.661
Single −4.163 −6.322 −2.005  < 0.001 * −3.168 −7.633 1.297 0.167
Education Basic ref ref
Vocational 1.252 −0.567 3.072 0.179 0.715 −2.708 4.138 0.683
Secondary 1.35 −0.299 2.999 0.11 2.963 −0.884 6.81 0.134
Higher 1.295 −1.673 4.263 0.393 5.64 −0.062 11.342 0.055
Number of drugs −0.169 −0.442 0.104 0.226 0.086 −0.407 0.579 0.732
ADL 0.822 −0.172 1.816 0.106 0.288 −2.027 2.602 0.808
IADL 0.171 −0.177 0.52 0.336 0.753 0.105 1.401 0.025 *
TUG [s] −0.043 −0.114 0.028 0.24 −0.109 −0.28 0.063 0.218
BERG 0.105 0.028 0.182 0.008 * 0.086 −0.075 0.247 0.295

BMI: body mass index, ADL: basic activities of daily living, IADL: instrumental activities of daily living, TUG: Timed up and go test, BERG: Berg Balance Test, CI: confidence interval.

*Statistically significant (p < 0.05).