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. 2021 May 11;11:9969. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88119-5

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) Emergent patches of mangroves in Lake Worth Lagoon, Florida provide nursery habitat for species and animals by accumulating sediments and impede erosion due to the dense root structure. Google earth Pro 7.3.3.7786 (August 28, 2020). Lake Worth Lagoon, Florida. 26 $^{\circ}$ 37′ 42.09″ N, 80 $^{\circ}$ 02′ 34.27″ W, Eye alt 2200 m https://www.google.com/earth/. (b) The elevated drag force dominated by dense roots creates a small eddy size and affects bed shear stress. The top arrow and the lines represent the vortex shedding and velocity profile, respectively, which enhances the sediment trap by modulating the near-bed flow structure.