Table 3.
The total sperm count, sperm progressive motility, and sperm abnormalities of diabetic rats after 4 weeks of treatments.
| Sperm properties | C | DM | Met | EPE1 | EPE3 | EPE5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total count (105) | 41.70 ± 3.21a | 38.80 ± 1.28a | 35.50 ± 4.40a | 37.60 ± 1.90a | 38.10 ± 3.08a | 41.2 ± 7.60a |
| Progressive motility (%) | 18.53 ± 1.18a | 9.03 ± 2.06c | 16.61 ± 2.06ab | 12.07 ± 1.70bc | 16.12 ± 0.62ab | 20.17 ± 1.71a |
| Abnormalities (%) | 2.10 ± 0.63d | 11.73 ± 0.91a | 4.74 ± 0.63c | 9.06 ± 1.11b | 4.24 ± 0.22cd | 3.30 ± 0.21cd |
Data are shown as the mean ± SEM (n = 6). The values with different superscript letters (a–d) in the same row represent significant differences (p < 0.05) as analyzed by Duncan's multiple range test. C, control; DM, diabetes mellitus; Met, metformin; EPE, Echinacea purpurea ethanol extract.