Table 1.
Baseline features at diagnosis, medication and complication*.
| KD | KD/sJIA | P-value† | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 1765) | (n = 8) | ||
| Demographics | |||
| Sex (male) | 1,091 (62%) | 6 (75%) | 0.72 |
| Age at diagnosis, years (median, IQR) | 3.1 (1.7–5.3) | 4.7 (2.1–5.3) | 0.81 |
| Less than 1 year old | 218 (12%) | 0 (0%) | 0.61 |
| Greater than 9 years old | 130 (7%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00 |
| Classic Kawasaki disease clinical signs | |||
| Number of days of fever pre–diagnosis | 6 (5–8) | 5 (5–6) | 0.20 |
| Incomplete Kawasaki disease | 483 (29%) | 4 (50%) | 0.24 |
| Bilateral conjunctival injection | 1,433 (88%) | 4 (50%) | 0.01 |
| Oral changes | 1,424 (87%) | 7 (88%) | 1.00 |
| Extremity changes | 1,250 (77%) | 6 (75.0%) | 1.00 |
| Polymorphous skin rash | 1,436 (88%) | 8 (100%) | 0.61 |
| Cervical lymphadenopathy | 962 (59%) | 3 (38%) | 1.00 |
| Laboratory investigations | |||
| Albumin (g/L) | 35 ± 6 | 29 ± 5 | 0.01 |
| Alanine transaminase (U/L) | 28 (16–67) | 21 (11–29) | <0.001 |
| Aspartate transaminase (U/L) | 37 (27–55) | 30 (28–52) | 0.04 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 35 (28–47) | 35 (31–202) | 0.32 |
| Erythrocytes sedimentation rate (mm/h) | 68 (41–95) | 104 (62–120) | 0.08 |
| Hematocrit | 0.334 (0.311–0.358) | 0.322 (0.266–0.329) | 0.11 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 113 ± 13 | 102 ± 17 | 0.13 |
| Lymphocytes (109 cells per L) | 2.6 (1.6–4.2) | 1.9 (1.0–3.6) | 0.09 |
| Platelets (109 cells per L) | 355 (267–462) | 408 (315–546) | 0.54 |
| Red blood cells (1012 cells per L) | 4.2 ± 0.5 | 3.9 ± 0.4 | 0.14 |
| White blood cells (109 cells per L) | 13.0 (9.3–16.9) | 17.0 (15.1–20.6) | 0.03 |
| Treatment | |||
| Multiple intravenous immunoglobulin | 221 (14%) | 6 (75%) | <0.001 |
| Intravenous steroids | 115 (7%) | 7 (88%) | <0.001 |
| Oral steroids | 56 (3%) | 5 (63%) | <0.001 |
| Complications | |||
| No coronary artery aneurysms (z-score <2.5) | 1,271 (86%) | 6 (75%) | 0.32 |
| Small coronary artery aneurysms (z-score 2.5–5.0) | 125 (9%) | 2 (25%) | 0.14 |
| Large coronary artery aneurysms (z-score 5.0–10.0) | 40 (3%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 |
| Giant coronary artery aneurysms (z-score >10) | 43 (3%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 |
| Macrophage activation syndrome | 16 (1%) | 1 (13%) | 0.07 |
*
Data are reported as frequencies with percentages, means with standard deviation or median with interquartile range.
†
Obtained from comparison between patients from the KD cohort and KD patients with a co-diagnosis of sJIA.
KD, Kawasaki disease; sJIA, systemic idiopathic arthritis; KD/sJIA, Kawasaki disease patients with a co-diagnosis of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.