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. 2021 May 11;12:2623. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22926-2

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 S protein-specific antibodies. Upper panels: binding of antibodies to the full-length S protein, S1 protein, and S2 protein was evaluated by ELISA (in duplicates with symbols show each of the replicates). Lower left panel: blockage of the binding of SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 protein to Vero E6 cells by antibodies evaluated by flow cytometry (data in singleton). Lower middle panel: pseudovirus neutralization assay in Huh-7 cells (data in singleton). Lower right panel: in triplicates with symbols show each of the triplicates and SARS-CoV-2 live virus neutralization assay. All experiments were repeated at least two more times (except S2 binding that was repeated one more time) with similar results. b Images of Vero E6 cell-infected SARS-CoV-2 treated with antibodies of different concentrations. Green (stained with SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (NP) antibody) indicates viral infected cells and blue (Hoechst 33258) represents cell nuclei. Experiment was performed in triplicates and repeated two more times with similar results.