Table 2.
No of isolates | kelch 13 | atpase6 (263 + 431 + 623 + 6 30 + 769) | pfmdr1 (86 + 184 + 1034 + 1042 + 1246) | pfdhfr (16 + 51 + 59 + 108 + 164) | pfdhps (436 + 437 + 540 + 581 + 613) | pfcrt (72–76 + 326 + 356) | PC1/2 | Parasite clearance time | Recrudescence | Ex-vivo AS (RSA) sensitivity | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
< 5 h | > 5 h | ≤ 36 h | > 36–≤ 48 h | > 48–≤ 72 h | > 72hETF | (LTF) | S | RS | |||||||
21 | Wild | LEAAS | NYSND | ANCSI | SAKAA | CVMNKNI | 21 | – | 10 | 8 | 3 | – | – | 18 | – |
11 | Wild | LEAAS | YYSND | ANCNI | SAKAA | CVMNTNI | 11 | – | 7 | 2 | 2 | – | – | 10 | – |
6 | Wild | LEAAS | NFSND | AICNI | SAKGA | SVMNTSI | 6 | – | 2 | 4 | – | – | – | 4 | – |
16 | Wild | LEAAS | NFSND | AICNI | SGKAA | SVMNTSI | 15 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 5 | – | – | 14 | – |
7 | Wild | LEAAS | YYSND | ANRNI | AAKAA | SVMNTNT | 7 | – | 4 | 3 | – | – | – | 6 | |
24 | Wild | LEAAS | YYSND | AICNI | AGKAA | SVMNTNT | 23 | 1 | 8 | 11 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 20 | 1 |
3 | Wild | LEAAS | NFSND | AICTI | SGKAA | SVMNTSI | 3 | – | 1 | 2 | – | – | – | 3 | – |
17 | Wild | LEAAS | YYSND | AICNI | SGKAA | CVIETNT | 17 | – | 4 | 11 | 2 | – | – | 16 | – |
6 | N29L | LEAAS | NFSND | AICNI | AGKAA | SVMNTST | 6 | – | 4 | 1 | 1 | – | 1 | 6 | – |
10 | Wild | LEAAS | YYSND | ANRNI | SGKGT | SVMNTST | 8 | 2 | – | 2 | 7 | 1a | 2 | 6 | 1 |
3 | Wild | LEEAS | NFSND | AICNI | SAKGA | SVMNTNT | 3 | – | – | 3 | – | – | – | 3 | |
5 | Wild | LEAAS | NFSND | ANRNI | AGKAA | CVIETNT | 5 | – | – | 3 | 2 | – | 1 | 5 | |
5 | Wild | LKAAS | YYSND | ANRNI | AGKAA | SVMNTNT | 4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | – | – | 3 | – |
21 | Wild | LEAAS | YFSND | AIRNI | SGKGT | SVMNTST | 15 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 3 | 4 | 15 | 3 |
8 | Wild | LEEAS | YFSND | AIRNI | AGKAA | SVMNTNT | 6 | 2 | – | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 1 |
3 | A675V | LEAAS | NFSND | ANRNI | AGKAA | CVIETNT | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | – | 1 | – | 3 | |
14 | Wild | LEAAS | YFSND | ANRNI | SGKGT | CVIETNT | 11 | 3 | – | 5 | 7 | 2 | – | 10 | 2 |
Underlined codons are mutant codons. ETF and LTF stand for early treatment failure and late treatment failure, respectively, whereas S, and RS stand for sensitive, and reduced sensitivity, respectively. Parasite clearance half-life was denoted as PC1/2.
aPatients did not present adequate plasma dihydroartmisinin concentration, therefore not considered as true day-3 positive case.