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. 2021 Apr 28;11:674492. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.674492

Figure 1.

Figure 1

TFH cells are expanded and phenotypically altered in CLL patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from CLL and MBL patients or control donors and analyzed by flow cytometry. For complete gating strategy see Supplementary Data . (A) TFH frequency and absolute numbers are significantly increased in CLL patients. N=23 for controls, 14 for MBL and 61 for CLL. All graphs illustrate the individual patient values, median, and 95% confidence interval. Mann-Whitney U test, **(p<0.01), ****(p<0.0001). (B) Expression of PD-1 or ICOS on TFH and non-TFH CD4+ T cell populations. TFH were gated as CD4+CXCR5+CD45RA- cells. Individual patients or control values are connected by lines. Histograms labeled FMO show fluorescence minus one staining controls. *denotes significance by Wilcoxon paired t test, ****(p<0.0001). #denotes significance by Mann-Whitney U test, #(p<0.05). (C) Proportions of TFH1, TFH2 and TFH17 sub-populations as determined by CCR6 and CXCR3 expression. Mann-Whitney U test, ***(p<0.001), ****(p<0.0001).