Table 1.

Remarkable animal transmission models of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Animal type	Co-infection	Transmission	Characteristics	Author	Year
ferret	IAV	co-housed pairs of ferrets	-similar airway symptoms to human -difficult to exclude the influence of IAV -not genetically homogenous	McCullers et al.	2010
infant mouse	IAV	intralitter transmission	-easier to handle than ferrets -difficult to exclude the influence of IAV -genetically homogenous	Diavatopoulos et al.	2010
infant mouse	none	intralitter transmission	-easier to handle than ferrets -can evaluate the effect of pneumococcal infection solely -quantitative evaluation of pneumococcal shedding -no adult models	Zafar et al.	2016