Skip to main content
. 2021 Apr 23;12:627738. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.627738

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

Protective effects of AO extracts on glutamate-induced toxicity in HT22 and Neuro-2a cells. Cells were exposed to various concentrations of glutamate for different times in HT22 (A) and Neuro-2a cells, cell viability was measured by MTT assay (B). Cell viability of HT22 (C,D) and Neuro-2a cells (E,F), cell morphology of HT22 (G) and Neuro-2a (H) after treatment with different concentrations of AO extracts. Cell morphology was observed under microscope at 5× magnification. Samples were treated with AO extracts for 48 h and exposed to glutamate (G5: 5 mM glutamate, G10: 10 mM glutamate) for 18 h (HT22 cells) or 24 h (Neuro-2a cells) to induce toxicity. The results are expressed as the means ± SEM of independent experiments (n = 3). ****p < 0.0001 compared to the untreated control; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001 and #### p < 0.0001, compared to the group exposed to glutamate only.