Table 1.
Signaling pathway and role of lncRNA-target genes in brain tumors
| lncRNA | Target | Signaling pathway | Activity | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PVT1 | miR-128-3p | BMP pathway | Promote tumorigenesis and progression | [91] |
| miR-186 | Promote cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis | [86] | ||
| miR-200a | Promote cell proliferation and invasion | [87] | ||
| miR-424 | Promote cell viability, migration invasion and tumor growth | [88] | ||
| miR-140-5p | Promote cell proliferation, invasion, and aerobic glycolysis | [89] | ||
| miR-190a-5p/MEF2C | Promote malignant behaviors | [90] | ||
| miR-488-3p/MEF2C | ||||
| CASC2 | miR-181a | PTEN and Akt pathway | Inhibit cell growth and resistance to TMZ | [27] |
| miR-193a-5p | mTOR pathway | Promote TMZ cytotoxicity through autophagy inhibition | [28] | |
| Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion | [62] | ||
| miR-21 | Inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion and promote apoptosis | [92] | ||
| ZFAS1 | Notch pathway | Promote progression via regulating EMT | [96] | |
| miR-150-5p | Promote progression | [94] | ||
| miR-432-5p | Promote viability and promote cisplatin cytotoxicity | [95] | ||
| DANCR | Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Promote progression through activation EMT | [63] | |
|
miR-33a-5p miR-33b-5p miR-1-3p miR-206 miR-613a |
PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway | Promote cisplatin resistance in vitro and in vivo | [34] | |
| miR-634/RAB1A | Promote progression | [97] | ||
| miR-135a-5p/BMI1 | Promote proliferation, migration, and invasion | [99] | ||
| HULC | ESM-1 | PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway | Promote angiogenesis by regulated ESM-1 | [36] |
| SNHG16 | miR-4518/PRMT5 | PI3K/Akt pathway | Inhibit apoptosis and promote tumorigenesis via upregulating PRMT5 | [37] |
| miR-373/EGFR | PI3K/Akt pathway | Promote tumorigenesis via releasing EGFR | [38] | |
| miR-20a-5p/E2F1 | Promote malignancy through increase E2F1 | [100] | ||
| CRNDE | miR-136-5p/Bcl-2, Wnt2 | PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway | Promote malignancy via inhibiting Bcl-2 and Wnt2 | [41] |
| P70S6K | mTOR pathway | Promote cell growth and invasion via increasing phosphorylation of P70S6K | [42] | |
| miR-348/PIWIL4 | Promote malignant progression via enhancing PIWIL4 | [101] | ||
| miR-186 | Promote cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth by inhibiting apoptosis | [102] | ||
| HOTAIR | miR326/FGF1 | PI3K/Akt and MEK1/2 pathway | Promote apoptosis and cell cycle via inhibiting FGF1 | [45] |
| PRC2 | Promote cell cycle progression via interacting PRC2 | [103] | ||
| VEGFA | Promote angiogenesis via increasing VEGFA | [104] | ||
| miR-126-5p/GLS | Promote progression via regulating GLS | [105] | ||
| miR-148-3p | Inhibit malignant biological behaviors | [106] | ||
| miR-141/SKA2 | Promote progression and tumor growth | [107] | ||
| miR-148-3p/USF1 | Inhibit BTB permeability via promoting USF1 | [108] | ||
| BRD4 | Promote proliferation by regulation of BRD4 | [109] | ||
| H19 | NF-κB pathway | Promote TMZ resistance | [117] | |
| Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Promote proliferation, migration, and invasion | [69] | ||
| Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Promote TMZ resistance through suppressed EMT | [70] | ||
| miR-152 | Promote proliferation and invasion | [110] | ||
| miR-140/iASPP | Promote proliferation and invasion by targeting iASPP | [111] | ||
| miR-675 | Promote proliferation, migration invasion and tumor growth | [66, 68, 112, 113] | ||
| miR-29a/VASH2 | Promote angiogenesis | [114] | ||
| miR-138/HIF-1α | Promote proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis by targeting HIF-1α | [115] | ||
| miR-130a-3p/SOX4 | Promote migration, invasion and EMT via regulating SOX4 | [116] | ||
| XIST | miR-126/IRS1 | PI3K/Akt pathway | Promote cell growth, glucose metabolism and tumor growth via regulating IRS1 | [48] |
| miR-429 | Promote angiogenesis and tumorigenicity | [118] | ||
| miR-29c/SP1/MGMT | Promote proliferation and TMZ resistance through the DNA mismatch repair pathway | [119] | ||
| miR-137/Rac1 | Promote progression by upregulated Rac1 | [120] | ||
| miR-137/FOXC1/ZO-2 | Inhibit BTB permeability and promote angiogenesis by increasing FOXC1 and ZO-2 | [121] | ||
| miR-152 | Promote progression and decrease apoptosis | [122] | ||
| NEAT1 | EGFR | Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Promote progression and tumorigenesis through EGFR | [76] |
| miR-449b-5p/c-Met | Promote pathogenesis by upregulated c-Met | [123] | ||
| miR-let-7e/NRAS | Promote proliferation migration and invasion while inhibit apoptosis by upregulated NRAS | [124] | ||
| miR-132/SOX2 | Promote migration and invasion through upregulation of SOX2 | [125] | ||
| miR-107/CDK6, 14 | Promote malignant progression by promoted CDK6, 14 | [126, 127] | ||
| miR-181-5p/SOX5 | Inhibit BTB permeability via upregulating SOX5 | [128] | ||
| MALAT1 | WIF1 | Non-canonical Wnt pathway | Promote migration via regulating of WIF1 | [77] |
| ERK/MAPK pathway | Inhibit proliferation and invasion | [55, 56] | ||
| miR-199a/ZHX1 | Promote proliferation and progression by increase ZHX1 | [129] | ||
| miR-129/SOX2 | Promote tumorigenesis via facilitating of SOX2 | [130] | ||
| miR-101 | Promote progression and TMZ resistance | [131–133] | ||
| miR-203 | Promote TMZ resistance | [134] | ||
| miR-155/FBXW7 | Inhibit cell viability by upregulated FBXW7 | [135] | ||
| MATN1-AS1 | RELA | MAPK pathway | Inhibit cell proliferation and invasion through the apoptosis | [57] |
| miR-200b/c/429/CHD1 | Promote glioma progression | [136] | ||
| TPTEP1 | miR-106a-5p | P38 MAPK pathway | Inhibit stemness and radio resistance | [59] |
| CCAT2 | miR-424/VEGFA | PI3K/Akt pathway | Promote proliferation and angiogenesis via increasing VEGFA | [50] |
| Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Promote proliferation, migration, cell cycle and tumorigenesis | [78] | ||
| miR-424/Chk1 | Promote chemodrug resistance by upregulated Chk1 | [137] | ||
| Promote angiogenesis and inhibit endothelial cell apoptosis through release CCAT2-enriched exosomes | [169] | |||
| PGM5-AS1 | risk-related genes | Regulate several prognostic immune-related mRNA | [147] | |
| ST20-AS1 | ||||
| AGAP2-AS1 | ||||
| MIR155HG | ||||
| SNHG8 | protective genes | Regulate several prognostic immune-related mRNA | ||
| LINC00937 | ||||
| TUGI | ||||
| MAPKAPK5-AS1 | ||||
| HCG18 | ||||
| AK098425 | protein coding gene | Associate immune-related biological immunity | [150] | |
| AL833059 | ||||
| AK056155 | ||||
| CR613436 | ||||
| AC005013.5 | protein coding gene | Associate immune-related biological process and pathway | [151] | |
| UBE2R2-AS1 | ||||
| RP11-89C21.2 | ||||
| AC073115.6 | ||||
| XLOC-004803 | ||||
| HOTAIRM1 | miR-129-5p | Promote malignancy and relate immune activation | [152] | |
| POU3F3 | Promote angiogenesis and release POU3F3-enriched exosomes | [165] | ||
| SBF2-AS1 | miR-151a-3p | Promote TMZ resistance and secret SBF2-AS1-enriched exosomes | [168] | |
| ATB | miR-204-3p | Promote cell activation and invasion through release ATB-enriched exosomes | [171] |