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. 2021 May 11;18:112. doi: 10.1186/s12974-021-02133-y

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Inhibition of DPP4 attenuates KA-induced epilepsy. a Flowchart of the experiment in vivo. b Representative EEG traces of electrographic activity in control (n = 6), kainic acid (n = 9), and kainic acid + sitagliptin (n = 10) groups. c The local maximum amplitude and d spike frequency in EEG data were calculated by LabChart 8 software. e, g Representative HE and Nissl staining of the hippocampal region. Black arrows indicate damaged neurons. Scale bar = 40 μm. f, h The number of damaged neurons for each group was counted at high magnification (n = 5–6 per group). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001