Table 1.
Comparison of clinical and transplantation-associated characteristics between MRD-positive and MRD-negative patients based on mutations in non-DTA genes
| Characteristic | All patients (N = 131) | MRD positive (n = 26) | MRD negative (n = 105) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | .651 | |||
| Median | 52.8 | 51.5 | 53.7 | |
| Range | 19-73.8 | 21.5-68.8 | 19-73.8 | |
| Patient sex, n (%) | .351 | |||
| Male | 75 (57) | 17 (65) | 58 (55) | |
| Female | 56 (43) | 9 (35) | 47 (45) | |
| ECOG performance status before alloHCT, n (%) | .993 | |||
| ECOG 0-1 | 126 (96) | 25 (96) | 101 (96) | |
| ECOG ≥2 | 5 (4) | 1 (4) | 4 (4) | |
| FAB subtype, n (%) | .854 | |||
| M0 | 14 (11) | 4 (15) | 10 (10) | |
| M1 | 20 (15) | 2 (8) | 18 (17) | |
| M2 | 18 (14) | 3 (12) | 15 (14) | |
| M4 | 26 (20) | 5 (19) | 21 (20) | |
| M5 | 12 (9) | 3 (12) | 9 (9) | |
| M6 | 4 (3) | 1 (4) | 3 (3) | |
| M7 | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | |
| Missing | 36 (27) | 8 (31) | 28 (27) | |
| AML type, n (%) | .943 | |||
| De novo | 95 (73) | 19 (73) | 76 (72) | |
| Secondary* | 36 (27) | 7 (27) | 29 (28) | |
| 2017 ELN risk group, n (%) | .415 | |||
| Favorable | 29 (22) | 7 (27) | 22 (21) | |
| Intermediate | 38 (29) | 7 (27) | 31 (30) | |
| Adverse | 61 (47) | 10 (38) | 51 (49) | |
| Missing | 3 (2) | 2 (8) | 1 (1) | |
| Cytogenetic risk group, n (%) | .664 | |||
| Favorable | 5 (4) | 0 (0) | 5 (5) | |
| Intermediate | 101 (77) | 21 (81) | 80 (76) | |
| Adverse | 25 (19) | 5 (19) | 20 (19) | |
| Complex karyotype, n (%) | .212 | |||
| Absent | 119 (91) | 22 (85) | 97 (92) | |
| Present | 12 (9) | 4 (15) | 8 (8) | |
| WBC count, ×109/L | .150 | |||
| Median | 14.6 | 19.4 | 8 | |
| Range | 0.7-283.5 | 1.6-141.2 | 0.7-283.5 | |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | .962 | |||
| Median | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.8 | |
| Range | 4-13.8 | 5.5-13.8 | 4-13.2 | |
| Platelet count, ×109/L | .735 | |||
| Median | 63 | 69 | 60 | |
| Range | 10-475 | 11-475 | 10-427 | |
| No. of chemotherapy cycles before alloHCT, n (%) | .838 | |||
| 1 cycle | 11 (8) | 1 (4) | 10 (10) | |
| 2 cycles | 46 (35) | 10 (38) | 36 (34) | |
| ≥3 cycles | 24 (18) | 3 (12) | 21 (20) | |
| Missing | 50 (38) | 12 (46) | 38 (36) | |
| Remission status, n (%) | .562 | |||
| First CR | 87 (66) | 16 (62) | 71 (68) | |
| CRi | 4 (3) | 1 (4) | 3 (3) | |
| Second CR | 14 (11) | 3 (12) | 11 (10) | |
| No CR | 26 (20) | 6 (23) | 20 (19) | |
| HCT-CI score before transplantation, n (%) | .593 | |||
| 0-2 | 106 (81) | 22 (85) | 84 (80) | |
| >2 | 25 (19) | 4 (15) | 21 (20) | |
| Donor match, n (%) | .954 | |||
| MRDonor | 33 (25) | 6 (23) | 27 (26) | |
| MUDonor | 69 (53) | 15 (58) | 54 (51) | |
| MMRDonor/MMUDonor | 29 (22) | 5 (19) | 24 (23) | |
| Conditioning therapy, n (%) | .953 | |||
| MAC | 46 (35) | 9 (35) | 37 (35) | |
| RIC | 85 (65) | 17 (65) | 68 (65) | |
| Stem cell source, n (%) | .221 | |||
| Peripheral blood stem cells | 12 (9) | 4 (15) | 8 (8) | |
| Bone marrow | 119 (91) | 22 (85) | 97 (92) | |
| Donor sex, n (%) | .087 | |||
| Male | 89 (68) | 14 (54) | 75 (71) | |
| Female | 42 (32) | 12 (46) | 30 (29) | |
| CMV status, n (%) | .515 | |||
| Donor negative/patient negative | 37 (28) | 6 (23) | 31 (30) | |
| Any other constellation | 94 (72) | 20 (77) | 74 (70) | |
| CMV reactivation, n (%) | .310 | |||
| No | 77 (59) | 13 (50) | 64 (61) | |
| Yes | 54 (41) | 13 (50) | 41 (39) | |
| aGvHD, n (%) | .345 | |||
| No aGvHD | 56 (43) | 14 (54) | 42 (40) | |
| Grade 1/2 | 62 (47) | 9 (35) | 53 (50) | |
| Grade 3/4 | 13 (10) | 3 (12) | 10 (10) | |
| cGvHD, n (%) | .051 | |||
| No cGvHD | 69 (53) | 19 (73) | 50 (48) | |
| Limited | 44 (34) | 6 (23) | 38 (36) | |
| Extensive | 18 (14) | 1 (4) | 17 (16) | |
| Type of CR sample for MRD, n (%) | .990 | |||
| Bone marrow | 10 (8) | 2 (8) | 8 (8) | |
| Peripheral blood | 121 (92) | 24 (92) | 97 (92) | |
| MRD status before alloHCT, n (%) | .080 | |||
| MRD-negative CR | 38 (29) | 3 (12) | 35 (33) | |
| MRD-positive CR | 40 (31) | 10 (38) | 30 (29) | |
| No CR | 26 (20) | 6 (23) | 20 (19) | |
| Missing | 27 (21) | 7 (27) | 20 (19) |
aGvHD, acute-graft-versus-host disease; cGvHD, chronic graft versus host disease; CR, complete remission; CRi, CR with incomplete hematologic recovery; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; ELN, European LeukemiaNet; FAB, French-American-British classification; HCT-CI, hematopoietic cell transplantation comorbidity index; MRDonor, matched related donor; MMRDonor, mismatched related donor; MMUDonor, mismatched unrelated donor; MUDonor, matched unrelated donor; WBC, white blood cell count.
*
AML secondary to MDS or therapy-related AML.