Table 3.

Multivariate logistic regression^a OR (95% CL) of having depression in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2012 participants, by age group and sex

	High frequency			Speech frequency
	20–35 Years	36–51 Years	52–69 Years	20–35 Years	36–51 Years	52–69 Years
All participants
Men	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Women	1.57 (0.90–2.72)	1.99 (1.21–3.29)	3.97 (1.53–10.32)	1.57 (0.89–2.75)	1.92 (1.23–3.00)	3.01 (1.13–8.06)
Hearing loss ⩽25 dB control	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Hearing loss ⩾26–40 dB cases	1.33 (0.54–3.25)	1.33 (0.73–2.45)	1.91 (0.99–3.70)	2.20 (0.47–10.26)	1.43 (0.55–3.70)	1.10 (0.37–3.27)
Hearing loss ⩾41 dB cases	0.23 (0.02–2.33)	1.32 (0.43–4.00)	2.96 (1.31–6.69)	0.41 (0.03–5.28)	0.89 (0.18–4.35)	2.69 (0.81–8.94)
P trend	0.18	0.61	0.01	0.30	0.73	0.22
Male
Hearing loss ⩽25 dB	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Hearing loss ⩾26–40 dB	0.81 (0.19–3.40)	3.24 (0.73–14.42)	2.98 (0.46–19.21)	1.25 (0.11–13.66)	0.45 (0.08–2.64)	0.57 (0.22–1.43)
Hearing loss ⩾41 dB	0.28 (0.03–2.74)	1.12 (0.29–4.34)	2.25 (0.56–9.06)	0.67 (0.04–11.02)	2.30 (0.81–6.54)	0.82 (0.15–4.40)
P trend	0.50	0.18	0.36	0.93	0.13	0.39
Female
Hearing loss ⩽25 dB	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Hearing loss ⩾26–40 dB	4.61 (0.63–33.60)	0.62 (0.24–1.62)	1.78 (0.92–3.42)	4.41 (0.78–24.90)	3.57 (0.68–18.84)	1.35 (0.34–5.38)
Hearing loss ⩾41 dB	–	2.65 (0.26–26.27)	3.85 (1.39–10.65)	–	–	5.75 (1.46–22.71)
P trend	0.28	0.23	0.03	0.20	0.17	0.04

^aAdjusted for age, race/ethnicity, body weight status, smoking, education, alcohol consumption, poverty income ratio, diabetes, marital status, cardiovascular disease, cancer, vision impairment, and sex (except when stratified by sexes).