Table 1.
Clinical characteristics and neuropathy outcome measures (mean ± SD)
| Lean (n = 19) | Ob (n = 19) | Ob/T2D (n = 18) | Ob/T2D/DN (n = 19) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (%M/F) | 37/63 | 37/63 | 39/61 | 37/63 |
| Age (years) | 48.4 ± 10.0 | 51.6 ± 7.3 | 48.2 ± 6.7 | 53.7 ± 7.3 |
| Weight (kg) | 68.4 ± 11.8 | 134.8 ± 24.7*** | 131.8 ± 24.9*** | 132.6 ±29.6*** |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.5 ± 1.5 | 48.1 ± 8.9*** | 45.3 ± 6.0*** | 46.1 ± 8.3*** |
| %HbA1C | N/A | 5.7 ± 0.31 | 7.18 ± 1.2††† | 7.4 ± 0.85††† |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 184.4 ±46.7 | 168.7 ± 38.0 | 155.0 ±44.7 | 135.8 ± 34.5**,† |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 66.5 ± 20.3 | 45.3 ± 8.7** | 40.3 ± 11.6*** | 38.8 ± 10.9*** |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 108.2 ± 25.3 | 99.6 ±31.4 | 101.8 ± 64.3 | 67.5 ± 31.7***,† |
| TAG (mg/dL) | 80.0 ± 19.7 | 123.4 ±61.6* | 163.4 ± 127.4 | 185.8 ± 158.3* |
| Diabetes medication use (yes/no) | 0/19 | 0/19 | 15/3 | 18/1 |
| Statin use (yes/no) | 0/19 | 4/15 | 11/7 | 15/4 |
| MNSI-Q | 0.37 ± 0.76 | 2.5 ± 2.4** | 3.2 ± 2.5** | 6.9 ± 2.6***,†††,‡‡‡ |
| MNSI-E | 0.34 ± 0.88 | 1.0 ± 1.28 | 0.97 ± 1.29 | 2.79 ± 2.12***,†,‡ |
| Sural amplitude (pV) | 17.3 ±6.6 | 10.3 ± 5.3** | 9.4 ± 4.9** | 5.4 ± 5.0***,† |
| Leg IENFD (fibers/mm) | 11.4 ±5.0 | 6.1 ± 3.5** | 5.6 ± 6.0* | 3.0 ± 3.5*** |
| Thigh IENFD (fibers/mm) | 25.82 ± 8.21 | 12.44 ± 8.07*** | 16.28 ± 8.08** | 11.68 ± 7.27*** |
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD).
*
statistically significant compared to lean (Tukey-Kramer adjusted p value: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001).
†
statistically significant compared to obese (Tukey-Kramer adjusted p value: †p < 0.05, ††p < 0.01 †††p < 0.001).
‡
statistically significant compared to ob/T2D (Tukey-Kramer adjusted p value: ‡p < 0.05, ‡‡p < 0.01, ‡‡‡p < 0.001).
§
statistically significant compared to ob/T2D/DN (Tukey-Kramer adjusted p value: §p < 0.05, §§p < 0.01, §§§ p < 0.001).