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. 2021 May 12;11:10134. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89631-4

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effects of miR-506 induction and inhibition in Caco-2 cell line. (a) Relative expression levels of sphingosine-kinase-1(SPHK1), DNA-methyltransferase-1(DNMT1), anion exchange protein 2 (AE2), and inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate-receptor (InsP3R3) mRNA after induction of miR-506 by 48-h transfection with mirVana miR506 Mimic (grey bars: cells transfected with miR-506 Mimic; black bars: control non-transfected cells). (b) Inhibition of miR-506 by 48-h transfection of Caco-2 cells with mirVana miR506 Inhibitor led to significant upregulation of SPHK1, DNMT1, AE2 and InsP3R3 mRNA levels. (grey bars: cells transfected with miR-506 inhibitor; black bars: control non-transfected cells). (c) Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response reduced miR-506 expression and enhanced SPHK1, DNMT1, AE2 and InsP3R3 expressions. (d) The effect of glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) on miR-506 expression in Caco-2 cells. Dots illustrate each experiment (n = 3–4) and lines the mean plus interquartile range (IQR).The dotted line represents control values. (e) GCDCA-induced miR-506 expression suppressed levels of AE2, InsP3R3 and p53 mRNAs both after 8-and 24-h exposure to GCDCA (200 µM). Each experiment was repeated three or four times with similar results. Relative data normalized to endogenous reference genes (miRNA-191 or 18S rRNA) are presented as the mean ± standard error (SE). Statistics: one-way ANOVA followed by Fisher’s PLSD test within the groups *indicates p-value < 0.05 vs. non-treated controls.