Table 1.
Participants' characteristics and dyslipidemia status.
| Variables | Total N (%) | Dyslipidemia N (%) | Normal N (%) | *p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 135,403 | 57,760 (42.7) | 77,642 (57.3) | |
| Age (years) | 56.6 ± 9.9 | 56.5 ± 9.7 | 56.6 ± 10.2 | 0.120 |
| Median (IQR) | ||||
| 40–49 | 35,617 (26.3) | 14,821 (25.7) | 20,796 (26.8) | < 0.001 |
| 50–59 | 57,300 (42.3) | 25,037 (43.3) | 32,263 (41.6) | |
| 60–69 | 26,154 (19.3) | 11,437 (19.8) | 14,717 (19.0) | |
| 70 and above | 16,331 (12.1) | 6465 (11.2) | 9866 (12.7) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Men | 66,259 (48.9) | 27,816 (48.2) | 38,443 (49.5) | < 0.001 |
| Women | 69,144 (51.1) | 29,945 (51.8) | 39,199 (50.5) | |
| Residence | ||||
| Rural | 72,556 (53.6) | 31,292 (54.2) | 41,264 (53.1) | < 0.001 |
| Urban | 62,847 (46.4) | 26,469 (45.8) | 36,378 (46.9) | |
| Nationality | ||||
| Han | 130,934 (96.7) | 55,557 (96.2) | 75,377 (97.1) | < 0.001 |
| Others | 4465 (3.3) | 22.3 (3.8) | 2262 (2.9) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 80,154 (59.2) | 32,362 (56.0) | 47,792 (61.6) | < 0.001 |
| Unmarried | 55,248 (40.8) | 25,398 (44.0) | 29,850 (38.4) | |
| Level of education | ||||
| Primary and below | 84,118 (62.1) | 37,459 (64.9) | 46,659 (60.1) | < 0.001 |
| Junior/Middle School | 32,233 (23.8) | 12,264 (21.2) | 19,969 (25.7) | |
| Senior High School | 13,104 (9.7) | 5598 (9.7) | 7506 (9.7) | |
| College and above | 5948 (4.4) | 2440 (4.2) | 3508 (4.5) | |
| Geographical regions | ||||
| North | 75,174 (55.5) | 29,172 (50.5) | 46,002 (59.2) | < 0.001 |
| South | 60,229 (44.5) | 28,589 (49.5) | 31,640 (40.8) | |
| Stroke belt zone | ||||
| Yes | 23,262 (17.2) | 9449 (16.4) | 13,813 (17.8) | < 0.001 |
| No | 112,142 (82.8) | 48,312 (83.6) | 63,830 (82.2) | |
| Weight | 65.0 (58.0–71.5) | 65.0 (58.0–72.0) | 55.0 (49.0–63.0) | < 0.001 |
| Height | 162.1 ± 8.4 | 161.9 ± 8.6 | 162.2 ± 8.3 | < 0.001 |
| BMI | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 25.2 (23.0–27.5) | 25.7 (23.5–27.9) | 25.1 (22.7–27.1) | < 0.001 |
| Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2) | 46,598 (34.4) | 16,968 (29.4) | 29,630 (38.2) | < 0.001 |
| Normal (≥ 18.5 to < 24.0 kg/m2) | 1835 (1.4) | 568 (1.0) | 1267 (1.6) | |
| Overweight (≥ 24.0 to < 28 kg/m2) | 59,314 (43.8) | 26,232 (45.4) | 33,082 (42.6) | |
| Obesity (≥ 28.0 kg/m2) | 27,655 (20.4 | 13,992 (24.2) | 13,663 (17.6) | |
| Waist circumference† | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 86.0 (80.0–93.0) | 88.0 (80.0–95.0) | 85.0 (79.0–92.0) | < 0.001 |
| Normal ≤ 90/80 cm (M/W) | 56,214 (42.0) | 21,034 (36.7) | 35,180 (45.9) | < 0.001 |
| Central obese ˃ 90/80 cm (M/W) | 77,700 (58.0) | 36,230 (63.3) | 41,470 (54.1) | < 0.001 |
| Family history of dyslipidemia | 127,624 (94.3) | 53,695 (93.0) | 3714 (4.8) | < 0.001 |
| Drinking (current) | 25,747 (19.0) | 11,249 (19.5) | 14,498 (18.7) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking (current) | 43,992 (32.5) | 19,078 (33.0) | 24,914 (32.1) | < 0.001 |
| Physical activity | 83,913 (62.0) | 35,349 (61.2) | 48,564 (62.5) | < 0.001 |
| Blood lipids (mmol/l), median (IQR) | ||||
| TC | 4.9 (4.2–5.6) | 5.3(4.4–6.3) | 4.7 (4.2–5.3) | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.4 (1.2–1.7) | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C | 2.9(2.2–3.4) | 3.0 (2.2–3.9) | 2.8 (2.2–3.2) | < 0.001 |
| TG | 1.5 (1.1–2.2) | 2.3 (1.5–3.1) | 5.5 (5.0–6.2) | < 0.001 |
| Non-HDL-C | 3.5 (2.8–4.2) | 4.1 (3.3–4.9) | 3.2 (2.6–3.8) | < 0.001 |
Dyslipidemia was defined as total cholesterol (TC) > 6.22 mmol/L or low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) > 4.14 mmol/L or high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) < 1.04 mmol/L or triglycerides (TG) > 2.26 mmol/L or non-high density lipoprotein > 4.9 mmol/L or self-reported treatment. Data shown as mean ± SD, or median (IQR) or n (%). *p-value for comparison of dyslipidemia vs. normal subjects. Men (M), Women (W). Unmarried (widowed/divorced/others).