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. 2021 May 12;11:10139. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89629-y

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Buprenorphine (Bup) treatment precipitates negative effects on cognition following surgery. Animals which underwent the surgery model procedure and received buprenorphine (Bup, s.c.) treatment were impaired in their ability to complete DNMTS trials over the week of test days compared to animals treated with Paracetamol (Par, i.p.). Animals which did not complete the necessary 90 trials per test session where not included in the data analysis. Histograms represent the number of trials completed over all test sessions. One-way ANOVA followed by Fisher’s LSD analysis **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05 vs. MA control; ^##p < 0.01 vs. MA anaesthesia group.